IMPLICATIONS: We present evidence-based guidelines developed by an international
panel of experts for the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Postoperative …

Mammals need to maintain a nearly constant internal temperature. If the internal
temperature deviates substantially from normal, metabolic functions generally deteriorate …

Most clinically available thermometers accurately report the temperature of whatever tissue
is being measured. The difficulty is that no reliably core-temperature-measuring sites are …

Background Mild perioperative hypothermia, which is common during major surgery, may
promote surgical-wound infection by triggering thermoregulatory vasoconstriction, which …

Background Untreated, one third of patients who undergo surgery will have postoperative
nausea and vomiting. Although many trials have been conducted, the relative benefits of …

Background Stored red cells undergo progressive structural and functional changes over
time. We tested the hypothesis that serious complications and mortality after cardiac surgery …

Background: Intraoperative hypotension may contribute to postoperative acute kidney injury
(AKI) and myocardial injury, but what blood pressures are unsafe is unclear. The authors …

Background Destruction by oxidation, or oxidative killing, is the most important defense
against surgical pathogens and depends on the partial pressure of oxygen in contaminated …

Background Rapid development of acute opioid tolerance is well established in animals and
is more likely to occur with large doses of short-acting drugs. The authors therefore tested …

Background Regional anesthesia is known to prevent or attenuate the surgical stress
response; therefore, inhibiting surgical stress by paravertebral anesthesia might attenuate …