Developmental toxicity of nicotine: A transdisciplinary synthesis and implications for emerging tobacco products

Affiliations

• ¹ Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address: lbe9@cdc.gov.
• ² Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
• ³ Division of Cancer Control and Population Science, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
• ⁴ Division of Epidemiology, Services and Prevention Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
• ⁵ Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
• ⁶ Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, PA, USA.
• ⁷ Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN, USA.
• ⁸ Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
• ⁹ Department of Psychiatry and Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
• ¹⁰ Simon Frasier University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
• ¹¹ Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
• ¹² College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
• ¹³ Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
• ¹⁴ Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
• ¹⁵ Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
• ¹⁶ Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA.
• ¹⁷ Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
• ¹⁸ Department of Medical Social Sciences Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.