New loci for body fat percentage reveal link between adiposity and cardiometabolic disease risk

Affiliations

• ¹ The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA.
• ² The Department of Preventive Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA.
• ³ MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
• ⁴ Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 750 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
• ⁵ Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
• ⁶ Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
• ⁷ Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA.
• ⁸ West Herts NHS Trust, Herts HP2 4AD, UK.
• ⁹ Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK.
• ¹⁰ Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland.
• ¹¹ Department Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Human Genetics, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada H3T1E2.
• ¹² Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
• ¹³ Estonian Genome Center, Univeristy of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia.
• ¹⁴ Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge 2142, USA.
• ¹⁵ Divisions of Endocrinology and Genetics and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
• ¹⁶ Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
• ¹⁷ University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia.
• ¹⁸ MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS82BN, UKnited.
• ¹⁹ Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
• ²⁰ Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63108, USA.
• ²¹ Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
• ²² European University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Applied Public Health, 18055 Rostock, Germany.
• ²³ Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Cancer Research UK Leeds Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK.
• ²⁴ Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
• ²⁵ William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
• ²⁶ Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Human Genetics, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.
• ²⁷ Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK.
• ²⁸ Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
• ²⁹ Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
• ³⁰ Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
• ³¹ Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
• ³² Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge 02142, USA.
• ³³ Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
• ³⁴ Department of Epidemiology and Popualtion Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.
• ³⁵ Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
• ³⁶ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK.
• ³⁷ Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex UB1 3HW, UK.
• ³⁸ Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Science, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Skåne University Hosptial, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
• ³⁹ Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
• ⁴⁰ Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 901 85 Umeå, Sweden.
• ⁴¹ Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
• ⁴² Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
• ⁴³ Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
• ⁴⁴ Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.
• ⁴⁵ Divisions of Genetics and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02446, USA.
• ⁴⁶ Partners Center for Personalized Genetic Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02446, USA.
• ⁴⁷ Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
• ⁴⁸ Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Faculty of Health and Medical Sceinces, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
• ⁴⁹ Danish Pediatric Asthma Center, Gentofte Hospital, The Capital Region, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
• ⁵⁰ Steno Diabetes Center A/S, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark.
• ⁵¹ University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medicine, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
• ⁵² Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78245, USA.
• ⁵³ CNRS UMR 8199, F-59019 Lille, France.
• ⁵⁴ European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, 59000 Lille, France.
• ⁵⁵ Université de Lille 2, 59000 Lille, France.
• ⁵⁶ National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland.
• ⁵⁷ Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.
• ⁵⁸ Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
• ⁵⁹ Lifespan Health Research Center, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio 45420, USA.
• ⁶⁰ Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.
• ⁶¹ South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas 78520.
• ⁶² Department of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands.
• ⁶³ Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
• ⁶⁴ Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
• ⁶⁵ Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
• ⁶⁶ California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California 94107, USA.
• ⁶⁷ Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
• ⁶⁸ INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, F-75006 Paris, France.
• ⁶⁹ Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, F-75006 Paris, France.
• ⁷⁰ Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, F-75006 Paris, France.
• ⁷¹ Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, F-75006 Paris, France.
• ⁷² Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
• ⁷³ Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
• ⁷⁴ Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Chungcheongbuk-do 370914, Korea.
• ⁷⁵ MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK.
• ⁷⁶ Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
• ⁷⁷ University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
• ⁷⁸ Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split 21000, Croatia.
• ⁷⁹ Hospital District of North Karelia, FI-80210 Joensuu, Finland.
• ⁸⁰ Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
• ⁸¹ Folkhälsan Research Centre, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland.
• ⁸² Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
• ⁸³ Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.
• ⁸⁴ Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.
• ⁸⁵ Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Department of Vertebrate Genomics, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
• ⁸⁶ Max Planck Institute for Human Development, 14194 Berlin, Germany.
• ⁸⁷ Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chaper Hill, North Carolina 27599-7280, USA.
• ⁸⁸ Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine (TLGM), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Level 5, Singapore 138648, Singapore.
• ⁸⁹ Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland.
• ⁹⁰ Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland.
• ⁹¹ Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Rotterdam The Netherlands.
• ⁹² Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
• ⁹³ Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopedics, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
• ⁹⁴ School of Public Health, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.
• ⁹⁵ Bone &Mineral Unit, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.
• ⁹⁶ Institute of Cell &Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE1 7RU, UK.
• ⁹⁷ Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK.
• ⁹⁸ Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
• ⁹⁹ Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Los Angeles 70808, USA.
• ¹⁰⁰ Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.
• ¹⁰¹ Institute for Anthropological Research, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
• ¹⁰² The Berlin Aging Study II; Research Group on Geriatrics; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13347 Berlin, Germany.
• ¹⁰³ Lipid Clinic at the Interdisciplinary Metabolism Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
• ¹⁰⁴ Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
• ¹⁰⁵ EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
• ¹⁰⁶ VUMC, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
• ¹⁰⁷ Department of Pediatrics, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland.
• ¹⁰⁸ Department of Pediatrics, Vaasa Central Hospital, FI-65100 Vaasa, Finland.
• ¹⁰⁹ Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21225, USA.
• ¹¹⁰ Department of Epidemiology; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.
• ¹¹¹ Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona JMAAW15, Jamaica.
• ¹¹² Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
• ¹¹³ Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
• ¹¹⁴ Kuopio University Hospital, 70029 Kuopio, Finland.
• ¹¹⁵ Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
• ¹¹⁶ Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
• ¹¹⁷ Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
• ¹¹⁸ Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
• ¹¹⁹ Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
• ¹²⁰ Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
• ¹²¹ Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur 201, Iceland.
• ¹²² University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, Reykjavik 101, Iceland.
• ¹²³ Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
• ¹²⁴ Institute for Aging Research Hebrew Senior Life, Boston, Massachusetts 02131, USA.
• ¹²⁵ Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
• ¹²⁶ Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA.
• ¹²⁷ Program in Biostatistics and Biomathematics, Divison of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.
• ¹²⁸ Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
• ¹²⁹ Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA.
• ¹³⁰ Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center, Vetrans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21042, USA.
• ¹³¹ Genetics, Projects Clinical Platforms and Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19112, USA.
• ¹³² Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden.
• ¹³³ Center for Medical Systems Biology, 2300 Leiden, The Netherlands.
• ¹³⁴ Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
• ¹³⁵ University of Leipzig, IFB Adiposity Diseases, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
• ¹³⁶ University of Leipzig, Department of Medicine, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
• ¹³⁷ Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois 61053, USA.
• ¹³⁸ German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
• ¹³⁹ Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
• ¹⁴⁰ Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
• ¹⁴¹ Faculty of Medicine, University of Aalborg, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.
• ¹⁴² Research Centre for Prevention and Health, DK2600 Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark.
• ¹⁴³ Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
• ¹⁴⁴ Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark.
• ¹⁴⁵ Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Human Genetic Research, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
• ¹⁴⁶ Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany.
• ¹⁴⁷ School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W6 8RP, UK.
• ¹⁴⁸ Lübeck Interdisciplinary Platform for Genome Analytics, Institutes of Neurogenetics and Integrative and Experimental Genomics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.
• ¹⁴⁹ Ajou University School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, Suwon Kyoung-gi 443-721, Korea.
• ¹⁵⁰ Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
• ¹⁵¹ Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark.
• ¹⁵² Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, FI-33521 Tampere, Finland.
• ¹⁵³ Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere School of Medicine, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland.
• ¹⁵⁴ Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, FI-00029 Helsinki, Finland.
• ¹⁵⁵ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, FI-90029 Oulu, Finland.
• ¹⁵⁶ Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
• ¹⁵⁷ Center for Human Genetics, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA.
• ¹⁵⁸ MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
• ¹⁵⁹ Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Québec City, Quebec, Canada G1V 0A6.
• ¹⁶⁰ Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, Quebec, Canada G1V 0A6.
• ¹⁶¹ Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, FI-20521 Turku, Finland.
• ¹⁶² Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
• ¹⁶³ Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
• ¹⁶⁴ Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
• ¹⁶⁵ Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Interuniversity Cardiology Institute Netherlands-Netherlands Heart Institute, 3501 DG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
• ¹⁶⁶ Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
• ¹⁶⁷ Department of Medicine, University of Turku, FI-20521 Turku, Finland.
• ¹⁶⁸ School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, Quebec, Canada G1V 0A6.
• ¹⁶⁹ DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
• ¹⁷⁰ DZD (German Centre for Diabetes Research), partner site Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
• ¹⁷¹ Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE2 4HH, UK.
• ¹⁷² Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK.
• ¹⁷³ Analytical Genetics Group, Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York 10591, USA.
• ¹⁷⁴ Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0HS, UK.
• ¹⁷⁵ National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA.
• ¹⁷⁶ Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000CA Rotterdam/Zuidholland, The Netherlands.
• ¹⁷⁷ Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
• ¹⁷⁸ Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
• ¹⁷⁹ Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA.
• ¹⁸⁰ Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
• ¹⁸¹ Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
• ¹⁸² Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK.
• ¹⁸³ National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
• ¹⁸⁴ Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Section of General Internal Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
• ¹⁸⁵ NHLBI's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA.
• ¹⁸⁶ Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK.
• ¹⁸⁷ Carolina Center for Genome Sciences and Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7400, USA.
• ¹⁸⁸ MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London WC1B 5JU, UK.
• ¹⁸⁹ Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
• ¹⁹⁰ Department of Medicine, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada H3T1E2.
• ¹⁹¹ Department of Twin Research, King's College London, London SE1 1E7, UK.
• ¹⁹² Division of Endocrinology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada H3T1E2.
• ¹⁹³ Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA.
• ¹⁹⁴ Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA.
• ¹⁹⁵ Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
• ¹⁹⁶ Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
• ¹⁹⁷ Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
• ¹⁹⁸ Department of Epigenetics, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, D-76108 Freiburg, Germany.
• ¹⁹⁹ The Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK.
• ²⁰⁰ The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, 10029, USA.
• ²⁰¹ The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA.