Self-management abilities, physical health and depressive symptoms among patients with cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and diabetes

Patient Educ Couns. 2012 Jun;87(3):411-5. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2011.12.006. Epub 2012 Jan 4.

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to identify the predictive role of direct resources (educational level and marital status) and self-management abilities on physical health and depressive symptoms in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), diabetes, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: Our cross-sectional questionnaire-based study included 1570 CVD patients, 917 COPD patients, and 412 patients with diabetes.

Results: Physical health and depressive symptoms of COPD patients was lower than those of CVD and diabetic patients. Correlation analyses indicated that self-management abilities were strong indicators for physical health and depressive symptoms (all p<0.001). This relationship was strongest for depressive symptoms. Self-management abilities were related to educational level in all groups (all p<0.001). Regression analyses revealed that self-management abilities were strong predictors of physical health and depressive symptoms in all three patient groups (all p<0.001).

Conclusion: This research showed that self-management abilities are strong predictors of physical health and depressive symptoms.

Practice implications: Interventions that improve self-management abilities may counteract a decline in physical health and depressive symptoms. Such interventions may be important tools in the prevention of the loss of self-management abilities, because they may motivate people who are not yet experiencing serious problems.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Distribution
  • Aged
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / complications
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / psychology*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Depression / diagnosis
  • Depression / etiology*
  • Depression / psychology
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / psychology*
  • Disease Management
  • Female
  • Health Status
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / complications
  • Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / psychology*
  • Regression Analysis
  • Self Care*
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Sickness Impact Profile
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Surveys and Questionnaires