The aim of the present study was to determine the magnitude of the impact of treating depression to full remission on cost and health-related quality of life. In a naturalistic longitudinal survey recordings of resource use and quality of life were carried out among depressed patients treated with antidepressant therapy in 56 Swedish primary care clinics. We found that a total of 52% of the patients achieved full remission during the study period. Remitting patients had, on average, three outpatient visits less than non-remitting patients (p < 0.01), 22 fewer sick leave days (p = 0.01), which translated into a significantly lower total cost (Euro 2700) compared with non-remitting patients (p < 0.01). Health-related quality-of-life scores improved by 40% for remitting patients when compared with non-remitting ones (p < 0.01). We conclude that remission has a substantial health economic impact on patients treated for depression, which further strengthens the importance of aiming for full remission in the treatment of depression.