Objective: This study was undertaken to determine whether the rate of abnormal placentation is increasing in conjunction with the cesarean rate and to evaluate incidence, risk factors, and outcomes.
Study design: Cases from 1982-2002 were identified by histopathologic or strong clinical criteria. Risk factors were assessed in a matched case-control study, and analyzed using conditional logistic regression models.
Results: There were 64,359 deliveries, with cesarean rates increasing from 12.5% (1982) to 23.5% (2002). The overall incidence of placenta accreta was 1 in 533. Significant risk factors for placenta accreta in our final analysis included advancing maternal age (odds ratio [OR] 1.13, 95% CI 1.089-1.194, P < .0001), 2 or more cesarean deliveries (OR 8.6, 95% CI 3.536-21.078, P < .0001), and previa (OR 51.4, 95% CI: 10.646-248.390, P < .0001).
Conclusion: The rate of placenta accreta increased in conjunction with cesarean deliveries; the most important risk factors were previous cesarean delivery, previa, and advanced maternal age.