This article describes a collaborative research model for school-based mental health services that targets children who are recent immigrants with violence-related mental health symptoms. The model describes a conceptual framework used in the establishment of an academic-community partnership during the development, evaluation, and implementation of the Mental Health for Immigrants Program (MHIP), a school-based mental health intervention. The article discusses the challenges that occurred and provides specific examples of how a participatory research partnership may work together through all program phases--design through implementation and program evaluation--to meet a specific community's needs and produce generalizable knowledge. The challenges and limitations of collaborative research approaches also are discussed, with particular emphasis on the role of participatory research in the development and evaluation of school-based mental health programs.