Chest
Original ResearchRespiratory InfectionsTrends in Hospitalizations for AIDS-Associated Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in the United States (1986 to 2005)
Section snippets
Materials and Methods
The National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS) is a multistage systematic survey sample of hospitals in the United States conducted yearly by the US Department of Health and Human Services since 1965. The NHDS is a national probability sample of discharges from noninstitutional, short-stay hospitals exclusive of Federal, military, and Veterans Affairs hospitals, hospitals from institutions such as prisons, and hospitals with fewer than six beds staffed for patient use located in the United
Results
There were an estimated 539 million patients discharged from the hospital (unweighted, 4.2 million patients) in the United States during the 20-year period between 1986 and 2005. Of these, an estimated 2.2 million patients who were discharged from the hospital (unweighted, 22,478 patients) had HIV/AIDS and an estimated 312,411 discharged patients (unweighted, 3,052 patients) had AIDS-associated PCP. Overall, 14% of patients with HIV/AIDS who were discharged from the hospital had AIDS-associated
Discussion
Using nationally representative data from hospitals across the United States, we estimated that there were 312,411 patients with AIDS-associated PCP discharged from the hospital between 1986 and 2005. The proportion of HIV/AIDS hospitalizations because of PCP has decreased from approximately 40% early in the AIDS epidemic to < 10% in the era of ART. This decline may be in part due to an increase in the proportion of HIV/AIDS patients being hospitalized for other morbidities including bacterial
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2021, Infectious Disease Clinics of North AmericaCitation Excerpt :Although uncommon before the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the 1980s,151 PCP quickly became one of the leading AIDS-defining illnesses.152 The introduction of ART and treatment with trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole corresponded with a considerable decrease in PCP among people living with HIV/AIDS.153–155 However, PCP remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
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2021, Journal of Infection and ChemotherapyCitation Excerpt :Pneumocystis pneumonia (PcP) is one of the most serious opportunistic infections associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The introduction of PcP prophylaxis and highly active antiretroviral therapy has reduced the incidence and mortality rates of PcP in HIV-infected patients (HIV PcP) [1,2]. In contrast, the incidence of PcP is increasing in patients without HIV infection (non-HIV PcP) but with malignancies, such as patients who have undergone organ transplantation and in those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy [2–4].
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