Elsevier

Sleep Medicine

Volume 16, Issue 6, June 2015, Pages 717-722
Sleep Medicine

Original Article
Prospective associations between sedentary time, sleep duration and adiposity in adolescents

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2015.02.532Get rights and content
Under a Creative Commons license
open access

Highlights

  • We examined sedentary time and sleep length relative to changes in youth adiposity.

  • Sedentary time was not associated with change in adiposity in either gender.

  • Sleep duration was significantly inversely associated with adiposity gain in boys.

  • The association for sleep in boys was attenuated by physical activity and depression.

Abstract

Objective

The objective of this study was to investigate whether objectively measured sedentary time and sleep duration are associated with changes in adiposity from mid- to late adolescence.

Methods

Students (n = 504, 42% boys) were recruited from schools in Cambridgeshire, UK. At baseline (mean age 15.0 ± 0.3 years), sedentary time was objectively measured by ≥3 days of combined heart rate and movement sensing. Concurrently, sleep duration was measured by combined sensing in conjunction with self-reported bed times. Fat mass index (FMI; kg/m2) was estimated at baseline and follow-up (17.5 ± 0.3 years) by anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance. FMI change (ΔFMI) was calculated by subtracting the baseline from follow-up values. Linear regression models adjusted for basic demographics, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and depressive symptoms were used to investigate associations of sedentary time and sleep duration (mutually adjusted for one another) with ΔFMI.

Results

FMI increased by 0.5 and 0.6 kg/m2 in boys and girls, respectively, but there was no association between sedentary time and ΔFMI in either gender (p ≥ 0.087), and no association between sleep duration and ΔFMI in girls (p ≥ 0.61). In boys, each additional hour of baseline sleep significantly reduced the ΔFMI by 0.13 kg/m2 (p = 0.049), but there was little evidence for this association after adjusting for MVPA and depressive symptoms (p = 0.15).

Conclusions

Sedentary time may not determine changes in adiposity from mid- to late adolescence, nor may sleep duration in girls. However, sleep length may be inversely associated with adiposity gain in boys, depending on whether the relationship is confounded or mediated by MVPA and depression.

Keywords

Sedentariness
Sleep length
Body fatness
Obesity
Youth
Cohort study

Abbreviations

FM
fat mass
FFM
fat-free mass
FFMI
fat-free mass index
FMI
fat mass index
METs
metabolic equivalents of thermogenesis
MVPA
moderate-to-vigorous physical activity
PAEE
physical activity energy expenditure
SES
socio-economic status
ΔFFMI
change in fat-free mass index
ΔFMI
change in fat mass index

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