Original ArticlesCannabis Use During the Perinatal Period in a State With Legalized Recreational and Medical Marijuana: The Association Between Maternal Characteristics, Breastfeeding Patterns, and Neonatal Outcomes
Section snippets
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2014 and 2015 Colorado PRAMS. The Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment collected population-based data regarding cannabis use during and after pregnancy from a stratified random sample of women who delivered a live-born infant between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2015 (n = 3285). Data collection procedures were implemented according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention PRAMS methodology.26 Exclusion
Results
The total number of live births in Colorado between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2015, was 132 381. Colorado PRAMS questionnaires were obtained from 3285 women who gave birth to live infants between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2015. The response rate was 59% in 2014 and 63% in 2015. Over the 2-year study period, 78 respondents had missing data on the cannabis questions and, thus, were excluded from the analysis. The final analytic cohort included PRAMS questionnaires from 3207 women
Discussion
Our results provide insight into prenatal and early postnatal cannabis use patterns in a state with both legalized medical and recreational cannabis. Among pregnant women in Colorado, the overall prevalence of cannabis use at any time during pregnancy was 5.7%, first trimester use was 4.8%, and last trimester use was 2.4%. The prevalence of early postnatal cannabis use among women who reported any level of breastfeeding was 5.0%. Further, we found that maternal cannabis use at any time during
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Funding for the Colorado Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) Survey is provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U01 DP003144-04). The funding source had no role in the conduct or design of research. L.B. serves as an unpaid scientific advisor on the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment Scientific Advisory Committee on Retail Marijuana. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.