Molecular epidemiology, plasmid analysis, virulence, and resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from neonatal intensive care units in Poland

doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2013.04.016

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease

Volume 76, Issue 4, August 2013, Pages 542-545

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2013.04.016 Get rights and content

Abstract

We investigated the set of Escherichia coli isolates originating from newborns in relation to resistance, virulence factors (VFs), phylogenetic groups, plasmid replicon typing, and genotypes. The most isolates were clustered in ECOR group B2. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase phenotype was found in 27.7% of isolates. The ST131 clone was detected among 33 strains, 12 of which carried the CTX-M-15 gene. Most VFs were detected among ST131 isolates and in the B2 group. IbeA gene was found more frequently in the blood isolates, while the iha gene, in the urine isolates. The 3 most prevalent replicon types were IncFIB, IncF, and IncFIA.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the staff of the NICUs for their help and interest in the study.

Partial results shown in this publication were presented in a conference in the form of a poster (Summer Conference, Society for Applied Microbiology, Edinburgh, 2012).

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Outbreak of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli sequence type 131 in a neonatal intensive care unit: efficient active surveillance prevented fatal outcome
2016, Journal of Hospital Infection
Citation Excerpt :
Sequence type 131 (ST131) has spread worldwide in the past 10 years and can produce an extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL).3,7 This strain is widely distributed among neonates and their mothers across Europe, the Northern American continent and parts of Asia.3,4,8,9 Sources of transmission are humans, animals, and food.8
Outbreaks of infections with multidrug-resistant bacteria in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) pose a major threat, especially to extremely preterm infants. This study describes a 35-day outbreak of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) in a tertiary-level NICU in Germany.
To underline the importance of surveillance policies in the particularly vulnerable cohort of preterm infants and to describe the efficacy of outbreak control strategies.
Data were collected retrospectively from medical reports. Infants and environment were tested for E. coli.
The outbreak affected a total of 13 infants between 25⁺¹ and 35⁺⁰ weeks of gestation with seven infants showing signs of infection. The outbreak strain was identified as E. coli sequence type 131. Environmental screening provided no evidence for an environmental source. Through colonization surveillance and immediate and adequate treatment of potentially infected preterm infants, no fatalities occurred. Outbreak control was achieved by strict contact precautions, enhanced screening and temporary relocation of the NICU. Relocation and reconstruction improved the NICU's structural layout, focusing on isolation capacities. Follow-up indicated carriage for several months in some infants.
Routine surveillance allowed early detection of the outbreak. The identification of carriers of the outbreak strain was successfully used to direct antibiotic treatment in case of infection. Enhanced hygienic measures and ward relocation were instrumental in controlling the outbreak.
Subtyping of Salmonella isolates on retail raw chicken in China by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and plasmid analysis
2015, Food Control
Citation Excerpt :
However, most of the previous similar studies mainly focused on comparing the advantages and disadvantages of these two methods or the combination of PFGE with other subtyping methods, such as phage typing (Aktas, Day, Kayacan, Diren, & Threlfall, 2007; Rychlik, Svestkova, & Karpiskova, 2000). Although many factors might influence the results of plasmid analysis, it is widely accepted as a cheaper and quicker method for pathogenic bacteria subtyping and used in many previous studies with high discrimination power (Chmielarczyk et al., 2013; Chu et al., 2009; Kariuki et al., 1996), and study on combination of these two methods used for pathogens subtyping was not well documented. The objective of this study is to reveal the advantages of the combination of the two methods for Salmonella subtyping.
Salmonellosis is one of the most common bacterial foodborne diseases worldwide. Poultry and poultry products are considered significant vehicles for foodborne salmonellosis transmission. We subtyped 725 Salmonella isolates recovered from 1152 retail raw chickens using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and 448 ampicillin-resistant ones among 725 isolates using plasmid analysis in this study. Based on 80% similarity, 126 PFGE clusters were identified among 725 Salmonella isolates. Sixty one (8.4%) of 725 isolates belonged to PFGE cluster C96, followed by cluster C5 (38/725, 5.2%), and cluster C18 (38/725, 5.2%). Fifty two distinct PFGE patterns were detected among the isolates in Shaanxi Province, and 67, 64, 82, 67, 55, 88, and 47 patterns were identified in isolates in Henan, Sichuan, Beijing, Guangxi, Shanghai, Guangdong, and Fujian, respectively. Plasmids were detected in 331 (73.9%) of the 448 ampicillin-resistant Salmonella isolates. One hundred and twenty three plasmid profiles were identified, and P3, P11, P30, P12, were defined as predominant ones. Combination of PFGE and plasmid analysis was an effective way to enhance the genotypic discrimination ability to Salmonella, especially for S. Typhimurium isolates. Our results indicated that multiple Salmonella subtypes were prevalent in retail raw chicken in China, and they were potential hazard for food safety.
Escherichia coli bacteraemia in pregnant women is life-threatening for foetuses
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Citation Excerpt :
Strains causing bacteraemia overwhelmingly belonged to phylogroup B2 (72%). Such a high proportion was only observed in infants younger than 3 months with neonatal meningitis or bacteraemia, in whom it reached more than 80% [19–24]. In children older than 3 months and adults, phylogroup B2 E. coli strains were isolated in 58% and 52% of bacteraemia, respectively [13,19].
In order to improve knowledge on Escherichia coli bacteraemia during pregnancy, we studied clinical data and performed molecular characterization of strains for 29 E. coli bacteraemia occurring in pregnant women. Bacteraemia mostly occurred in the third trimester of pregnancy (45%) and was community-acquired (79%). Portals of entry were urinary (55%) and genital (45%). E. coli strains belonged mainly to phylogroups B2 (72%) and D (17%). Four clonal lineages (i.e. sequence type complex (STc) 73, STc95, STc12 and STc69) represented 65% of the strains. The strains exhibited a high number of virulence factor coding genes (10 (3–16)). Six foetuses died (27%), five of them due to bacteraemia of genital origin (83%). Foetal deaths occurred despite adequate antibiotic regimens. Strains associated with foetal mortality had fewer virulence factors (8 (6–10)) than strains involved in no foetal mortality (11 (4–12)) (p 0.02). When comparing E. coli strains involved in bacteraemia with a urinary portal of entry in non-immunocompromised pregnant vs. non-immunocompromised non-pregnant women from the COLIBAFI study, there was no significant difference of phylogroups and virulence factor coding genes. These results show that E. coli bacteraemia in pregnant women involve few highly virulent clones but that severity, represented by foetal death, is mainly related to bacteraemia of genital origin.
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Antimicrobial Resistance in Enterobacterales Bacilli Isolated from Bloodstream Infection in Surgical Patients of Polish Hospitals
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^☆: Funding: This work was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (DEC-2011/01/D/N27/00104). The sponsor provided the funding for the project only.

^☆☆: Transparency declarations: None to declare.

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Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease

Abstract

Section snippets

Acknowledgments

References (19)

Epidemiology of paediatric community-acquired bloodstream infections in a children’s hospital in Paris, France, 2001 to 2008

Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis

Phenotypic detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase production in Enterobacteriaceae: review and bench guide

Clin Microbiol Infect

Molecular epidemiology of Escherichia coli producing CTX-M beta-lactamases: the worldwide emergence of clone ST131 O25:H4

Int J Antimicrob Agents

The presence of genes encoding for different virulence factors in clonally related Escherichia coli that produce CTX-Ms

Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis

Phylogenetic distribution of CTX-M- and non-extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates: group B2 isolates, except clone ST131, rarely produce CTX-M enzymes

J Clin Microbiol

Plasmids in Gram negatives: molecular typing of resistance plasmids

Int J Med Microbiol

Rapid and simple determination of the Escherichia coli phylogenetic group

Appl Environ Microbiol

Rapid detection of the O25b-ST131 clone of Escherichia coli encompassing the CTX-M-15-producing strains

J Antimicrob Chemother

Increasing prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Europe. Euro Surveill. 2008;20:13(47) Erratum in

Euro Surveill

Cited by (15)

Outbreak of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli sequence type 131 in a neonatal intensive care unit: efficient active surveillance prevented fatal outcome

Subtyping of Salmonella isolates on retail raw chicken in China by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and plasmid analysis

Escherichia coli bacteraemia in pregnant women is life-threatening for foetuses

Aerobic Bacterial Vaginosis and Lactobacillus Species Associated with Cytomegalovirus in Abortion

Antimicrobial Resistance Glides in the Sky—Free-Living Birds as a Reservoir of Resistant Escherichia coli With Zoonotic Potential

Antimicrobial Resistance in Enterobacterales Bacilli Isolated from Bloodstream Infection in Surgical Patients of Polish Hospitals

NoteMolecular epidemiology, plasmid analysis, virulence, and resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from neonatal intensive care units in Poland☆,☆☆

Abstract

Section snippets

Acknowledgments

Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis

Clin Microbiol Infect

Int J Antimicrob Agents

Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis

Phylogenetic distribution of CTX-M- and non-extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates: group B2 isolates, except clone ST131, rarely produce CTX-M enzymes

J Clin Microbiol

Plasmids in Gram negatives: molecular typing of resistance plasmids

Int J Med Microbiol

Rapid and simple determination of the Escherichia coli phylogenetic group

Appl Environ Microbiol

Rapid detection of the O25b-ST131 clone of Escherichia coli encompassing the CTX-M-15-producing strains

J Antimicrob Chemother

Increasing prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Europe. Euro Surveill. 2008;20:13(47) Erratum in

Euro Surveill

Note
Molecular epidemiology, plasmid analysis, virulence, and resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from neonatal intensive care units in Poland☆,☆☆