Original articleAdult cardiacCerebral Protection by Lidocaine During Cardiac Operations: A Follow-Up Study
Section snippets
Patients and Methods
This study was conducted in the Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology at Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand, after Institutional Review Board approval. The format was a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis. Eligible patients were 20 to 75 years old; resident in the greater Auckland area; English speakers as their first or preferred language; undergoing CABG (with or without cardiopulmonary bypass), valve surgery, or
Results
Recruitment numbers, treatment allocation, and losses to follow-up are documented in Figure 1. Recruitment of patients was dependent on the availability of a research associate trained to administer the neurocognitive tests. In addition, many patients failed to meet eligibility criteria (Fig 1), especially with respect to age, language, and place of residence. Throughout the study there were other trials concomitantly under way that competed for the same patient population, and our
Comment
There has been interest in lidocaine as a neuroprotective agent since the first relevant study demonstrated preservation of neuroelectrical function after cerebral arterial gas embolism in cats [12]. Subsequent studies spanning multiple animal models, injury types, and outcome measures were summarized in 2001 [4], and other studies have continued to emerge since then [13, 14, 15]. The overwhelming majority of studies conducted in carefully controlled experimental settings have demonstrated
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