Thymic peptide hormones: Basic properties and clinical applications in cancer
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Immune Modulation with Thymosin Alpha 1 Treatment
2016, Vitamins and HormonesCitation Excerpt :Circulating Ta1 is the amino terminal proteolytic cleavage product of the chromatin-remodeling protein prothymosin (Haritos, Goodall, & Horecker, 1984), and is derived from cleavage of prothymosin by the lysosomal asparaginyl endopeptidase legumain (Sarandeses, Covelo, Diaz-Jullien, & Freire, 2003). Ta1 is a highly conserved peptide, and therefore of biological significance, as its amino acid sequence is homologous in bovine, porcine, ovine, and human species (Schulof, 1985), and similar peptides have even been found in crustaceans (Oates & Erdos, 1989). Endogenous Ta1 serum levels measured in healthy adults by immunoassay are in the 0.1–1.0 ng/mL range (Weller, Shah, Cummings, Chretien, & Mutchnick, 1992), although the circulating concentration tends to be lower in diseased individuals and higher during pregnancy (Jevremovic et al., 1997; Sherman, Jones, Goldstein, & Naylor, 1991; Welch, Lee, Sokol, & Mutchnick, 1988; Welch, Mutchnick, Weller, & Sokol, 1987).
Presence of a peptide component of thymosin fraction-5 manifesting discrete cytostatic properties in HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells
2005, International ImmunopharmacologyThymosin-α1 increases intrahepatic NKT cells and CTLs in patients with chronic hepatitis B
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