Elsevier

Clinics in Perinatology

Volume 29, Issue 4, December 2002, Pages 827-856
Clinics in Perinatology

Advances in postnatal neuroimaging: relevance to pathogenesis and treatment of brain injury

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0095-5108(02)00049-0Get rights and content

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Pre- and postnatal neuroimaging to understand normal brain development

The major advantage of MRI over other brain imaging techniques is its ability to differentiate between cortical gray matter and cerebral white matter to differentiate between unmyelinated and myelinated white matter. These differentiations allow the in vivo assessment of the brain maturation, including myelination.

Gyral development begins with the appearance of the sylvian fissure and central sulcus at approximately 15 and 20 weeks' gestational age, respectively [8]. The use of new, ultrafast

Germinal matrix intraventricular hemorrhage

Germinal matrix intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is the classic, pathologic feature of the preterm brain. It is strictly related to the presence of the germinal matrix (see Fig. 1), which is a developmental structure that disappears after 36 weeks' gestation. The basic lesion in germinal matrix-IVH is bleeding into the subependymal germinal matrix. This region is highly cellular (a source of all neuronal and glial cells) with active cell proliferation and, is therefore, highly vascularized.

Summary

The human brain is susceptible to a wide variety of insults. The permanent residua of these abnormalities are represented in dysfunction of one or more areas of neurodevelopment. A full understanding of normal brain development, mechanisms of brain injury, and consequences for subsequent brain development is required to determine which infants are at risk for neurodevelopmental handicap, and to monitor the effects of new treatments and management regimens designed to prevent these disabilities.

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    This work was supported by Grant No. (SNF:3200-056927) from the Swiss National Foundation.

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