Abstract
Background
Knowledge about the practical consequences of the nutritional status of Fe, Zn, and Cu and inflammation in obesity is limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes on trace element status and their potential associations with selected inflammation parameters in patients after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP).
Methods
Sixty-three women (mean age, 36.9 ± 9.2 years, body mass index, 43.8 ± 4.3 kg/m2) were evaluated at baseline and 6 months after RYGBP. Anthropometric (weight, waist circumference), body composition (fat mass and fat-free mass), dietary (nutrient intakes), and metabolic and inflammation (glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, adiponectin, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, hs-CRP, leukocytes, polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN)) parameters were determined in addition to selected indices of Fe, Zn, and Cu status.
Results
All but one (HDL-cholesterol) metabolic and inflammation parameters had significant differences when compared before and after RYGBP. Hemoglobin, serum ferritin, the size of the rapidly exchangeable zinc pool, and plasma copper decreased after RYGBP. Plasma and hair zinc, as well as zinc protoporphyrin increased. The change in Hb was significantly associated (p < 0.05) to the change in leukocytes (r = 0.33) and adiponectin (r = −0.44). Zinc protoporphyrin change was associated to the change in PMN (r = 0.32) and HDL-cholesterol (r = −0.29). No other associations between the changes of the rest of Fe, Zn, and Cu parameters with the changes of any of the metabolic and inflammation parameters were observed.
Conclusion
RYGBP produced significant weight and fat mass losses, with improvement of metabolic and inflammation parameters. Iron, zinc, and copper status were impaired after the surgery.
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Acknowledgments
PR, MR, FC, MO, FP, JC, and JI participated in the study design and data interpretation. PR, JC, JI, and FC implemented the study. KB conducted the assessment and analyzed the dietary intake component. AC and JR performed the surgical procedures; KP, AC, and JR carried out the post-surgical controls. PR and MR had principal responsibility for the data analysis.
The authors thank Dr. Daniel Lopez de Romaña by reviewing the manuscript for English grammar and composition.
The authors are indebted to Dr. Guillermo Watkins, Dr. Juan C.Díaz, Dr. Fernando Maluenda, and Dr. Ittalo Braguetto from the Department of Surgery, University Clinical Hospital who performed a significant number of the surgical procedures and to the Nutritionists Ms. Emma Díaz and Ms. Andrea Riffo for their invaluable collaboration in the dietary control of the subjects. The authors thank Dr. Michael Hambidge, Dr. Nancy Krebs, Jamie Westcott, and Lei Sian from the University of Colorado, Denver, for the zinc stable isotopes determinations.
Conflict of interest disclosure
The authors have no commercial associations that might be a conflict of interest in relation to this article.
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This study was supported by the National Fund for Science and Technology, Fondecyt: Grants1080576 and 1040765.
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Rojas, P., Carrasco, F., Codoceo, J. et al. Trace Element Status and Inflammation Parameters after 6 Months of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass. OBES SURG 21, 561–568 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-011-0368-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-011-0368-3