oral manifestations

Risk factors associated with oral manifestations and oral health impact of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a multicentre, cross-sectional study in Pakistan
Ibrahim Warsi, Javeria Ahmed, Anjum Younus, Abdur Rasheed, Tayyab Saeed Akhtar, Qurrat Ul Ain, Zohaib Khurshid

BMJ Open Mar 2019, 9 (3) e021458; DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021458

CLINICAL
- Anaesthesia
  - Other anaesthesia (2)
  - Pain (anaesthesia)
- Cardiovascular medicine
  - Arrhythmias
  - Cardiomyopathy
  - Congenital heart disease
  - Drugs: cardiovascular system (27)
  - Echocardiography (1)
  - Heart failure
  - Hypertension (19)
  - Interventional cardiology (2)
  - Ischaemic heart disease (16)
  - Pacing and electrophysiology
  - Valvar diseases
  - Venous thromboembolism
- Complementary medicine (3)
- Dentistry and oral medicine (1)
- Dermatology (5)
- Diagnostics
- Drugs and medicines
- Ear, nose and throat/otolaryngology (2)
- Emergency medicine
  - Disaster response
  - Poisoning
  - Resuscitation
  - Trauma (2)
- Endocrinology
  - Adrenal disorders
  - Calcium and bone (1)
  - Diabetes (16)
  - Drugs: endocrine system (6)
  - Lipid disorders (1)
  - Metabolic disorders (17)
  - Pituitary disorders
  - Thyroid disease
- Evidence based practice
  - Changing physician behavior
  - Guidelines (6)
- Gastroenterology
  - Drugs: gastrointestinal system
  - Endoscopy
  - GI bleeding
  - Infection (gastroenterology) (2)
  - Inflammatory bowel disease
  - Liver disease (1)
  - Neurogastroenterology
  - Oesophagus (1)
  - Pancreas and biliary tract (3)
  - Pancreatitis
  - Portal hypertension
  - Small intestine
  - Stomach and duodenum (1)
- General practice / family medicine (19)
- Genetics
  - Clinical genetics
  - Cytogenetics
  - Genetic screening / counselling
  - Molecular genetics (6)
- Geriatric medicine (1)
- Haematology (incl blood transfusion)
- Immunology (including allergy) (41)
- Intensive care
- Neurology
- Neurology
  - Brain stem / cerebellum
  - Cerebral palsy
  - Coma and raised intracranial pressure
  - Cranial nerves
  - Dementia (8)
  - Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric) (9)
  - Epilepsy and seizures (2)
  - Headache (including migraine) (1)
  - Hydrocephalus
  - Infection (neurology) (1)
  - Motor neurone disease
  - Movement disorders (other than Parkinsons)
  - Multiple sclerosis (3)
  - Muscle disease (4)
  - Neuroimaging
  - Neurological injury
  - Neuromuscular disease (4)
  - Neurooncology (2)
  - Pain (neurology) (14)
  - Parkinson's disease
  - Peripheral nerve disease
  - Sleep disorders (neurology)
  - Spinal cord
  - Stroke (13)
  - Trauma CNS / PNS
  - Variant Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease (1)
- Nursing (5)
- Nutrition and metabolism
- Obstetrics and gynaecology
  - Abortion
  - Cervical cancer (1)
  - Cervical screening (1)
  - Contraception
  - Domestic violence
  - Drugs: obstetrics and gynaecology
  - Family planning
  - Incontinence
  - Menopause (including HRT) (1)
  - Pregnancy (8)
  - Reproductive medicine (16)
- Oncology
  - Breast cancer (7)
  - Cancer: dermatological (2)
  - Cancer: small intestine
  - Chemotherapy (4)
  - CNS cancer (2)
  - Colon cancer (5)
  - Endocrine cancer
  - Gastric cancer (1)
  - Gene therapy
  - Gynecological cancer (3)
  - Head and neck cancer
  - Hepatic cancer
  - Lung cancer (oncology)
  - Oesophageal cancer
  - Paediatric oncology (2)
  - Pancreatic cancer
  - Prevention (1)
  - Prostate cancer (3)
  - Radiotherapy (1)
  - Respiratory cancer
  - Screening (oncology) (7)
  - Urological cancer (5)
- Ophthalmology (7)
- Paediatrics
  - Adolescent health (3)
  - Bilirubin disorders
  - Child abuse
  - Child and adolescent psychiatry (paedatrics) (3)
  - Child health (16)
  - Childhood nutrition (paediatrics) (3)
  - Congenital disorders
  - Developmental paediatrics
  - Failure to thrive
  - Infant health (3)
  - Infant nutrition (including breastfeeding) (5)
  - Neonatal and paediatric intensive care
  - Neonatal health (2)
  - SIDS
- Palliative care
  - End of life decisions (palliative care) (1)
  - Hospice
  - Pain (palliative care)
- Pathology
  - Chemical pathology
  - Cytopathology
  - Histopathology (4)
  - Inflammation (5)
  - Microbiology
  - Microscopy
  - Molecular biology
  - Morbid anatomy / surgical pathology
  - Neuropathology
  - Virology
- Pharmacology and therapeutics
  - Drug misuse (including addiction) (4)
  - Medicines regulation (3)
  - Toxicology
  - Unwanted effects / adverse reactions (2)
- Prison medicine
- Psychiatry
  - Adjustment disorders
  - Alcohol-related disorders
  - Anxiety disorders (including OCD and PTSD)
  - Child and adolescent psychiatry (3)
  - Delirium (1)
  - Drugs misuse (including addiction) (1)
  - Drugs: psychiatry (1)
  - Eating disorders
  - Impulse control disorders (1)
  - Memory disorders (psychiatry) (9)
  - Mood disorders (including depression) (6)
  - Personality disorders
  - Psychiatry of old age (4)
  - Psychotherapy (2)
  - Psychotic disorders (incl schizophrenia) (1)
  - Sexual and gender disorders
  - Sleep disorders
  - Somatoform disorders
  - Suicide (psychiatry)
- Radiology (13)
- Rehabilitation medicine
  - Disability (1)
  - Other rehabilitative therapies (4)
  - Physiotherapy (3)
- Renal medicine
  - Acute renal failure
  - Chronic renal failure
  - Dialysis
  - Fluid electrolyte and acid-base disturbances
  - Nephrotic syndrome
  - Proteinurea
  - Renal transplantation
- Respiratory medicine
  - Airway biology (2)
  - Asthma (3)
  - Bronchiolitis (1)
  - Bronchitis (1)
  - Cystic fibrosis (2)
  - Drugs: respiratory system
  - Interstitial lung disease (1)
  - Lung cancer (respiratory medicine)
  - Lung function
  - Mechanical ventilation
  - Pneumonia (respiratory medicine) (1)
  - Pulmonary embolism
  - Pulmonary emphysema
  - Pulmonary hypertension
  - Sleep disorders (respiratory medicine)
  - Tobacco related disease
  - Tuberculosis
- Rheumatology
  - Ankylosing spondylitis
  - Biological agents (3)
  - Connective tissue disease (4)
  - Degenerative joint disease (14)
  - Drugs: musculoskeletal and joint diseases (7)
  - Fibromyalgia (2)
  - Musculoskeletal syndromes (21)
  - Osteoarthritis (6)
  - Osteoporosis (1)
  - Rheumatoid arthritis (4)
  - Sjogren's syndrome
  - Systemic lupus erythematosus
  - Vascularitis
- Sexual health (9)
- Sports and exercise medicine (4)
- Surgery
  - Breast surgery
  - Cardiothoracic surgery (3)
  - Gastrointestinal surgery (2)
  - General surgery (5)
  - Neurosurgery
  - Oral and maxillofacial surgery
  - Orthopaedic and trauma surgery (1)
  - Otolaryngology / ENT
  - Plastic and reconstructive surgery
  - Surgical oncology (3)
  - Transplantation
  - Urological surgery (6)
  - Vascular surgery (1)
- Urology (2)
NON-CLINICAL
- Communication (2)
- Epidemiology
  - Clinical trials (epidemiology) (27)
  - Epidemiologic studies (96)
  - Population trends
  - Screening (epidemiology) (16)
  - Survey techniques
  - Therapeutic trials
  - Time-to-event methods
- Ethics
  - Artificial and donated transplantation
  - Assisted dying (1)
  - Bioethics
  - Clinical ethics
  - Codes of professional ethics
  - Competing interests (ethics)
  - Confidentiality
  - Drug issues
  - End of life decisions (ethics) (1)
  - Ethics of abortion
  - Ethics of reproduction
  - Experiments in vivo
  - Informed consent (8)
  - Research and publication ethics (16)
  - Sexuality / gender
- Ethnic studies
- Health economics (10)
- Health informatics
  - Information management (3)
  - Internet (8)
  - IT (1)
  - Telemedicine
- Health policy (16)
- Health service research (12)
- Healthcare improvement and patient safety
- Journalology (10)
- Legal and forensic medicine (8)
- Medical careers
  - Continuous professional development
  - Getting and changing jobs (including job descriptions and contracts)
  - Professional conduct and regulation
- Medical education
  - History taking and the physical examination
  - Postgraduate
  - Undergraduate (3)
- Medical humanities (2)
- Medical management
  - Doctors' morale and well being
  - Medical error/ patient safety (4)
  - Quality improvement (1)
- Occupational and environmental medicine
- Patients (5)
- Public health
  - Abuse (child, partner, elder)
  - Air pollution (1)
  - Alcohol
  - Drug misuse (1)
  - Environmental issues (3)
  - Health education (34)
  - Health of indigenous peoples
  - Health promotion (38)
  - Homicide (1)
  - Housing and health
  - Human rights
  - Injury (1)
  - Obesity (public health) (13)
  - Screening (public health) (15)
  - Sexual health (public health)
  - Smoking (20)
  - Social conditions and disease
  - Suicide (public health)
  - Urban health
  - Vaccination programs (3)
  - Violence (other)
  - Violence against women
- Smoking and tobacco (20)
- Sociology
- Statistics and research methods
  - Qualitative research
  - Quantitative research
Special collections
- BMJ Open
  - Addiction (167)
  - Addiction (106)
  - Anaesthesia (106)
  - Cardiovascular medicine (803)
  - Communication (211)
  - Complementary medicine (148)
  - Dentistry and oral medicine (54)
  - Dermatology (63)
  - Diabetes and Endocrinology (418)
  - Diagnostics (215)
  - Ear, nose and throat/otolaryngology (74)
  - Emergency medicine (299)
  - Endocrinology
  - Epidemiology (2152)
  - Ethics (83)
  - Evidence based practice (736)
  - Gastroenterology and hepatology (210)
  - General practice / Family practice (667)
  - Genetics and genomics (111)
  - Geriatric medicine (300)
  - Global health (460)
  - Global health (305)
  - Haematology (incl blood transfusion) (55)
  - Health economics (364)
  - Health economics (217)
  - Health informatics (213)
  - Health policy (673)
  - Health policy (447)
  - Health services research (1498)
  - HIV AIDS (187)
  - Immunology (including allergy) (60)
  - Infectious diseases (580)
  - Intensive care (198)
  - Legal and forensic medicine (16)
  - Medical education and training (277)
  - Medical management (228)
  - Medical publishing and peer review (74)
  - Mental health (717)
  - Mental health (449)
  - Neurology (423)
  - Nursing (135)
  - Nutrition and metabolism (330)
  - Nutrition and metabolism (213)
  - Obgyn (353)
  - Occupational and environmental medicine (288)
  - Oncology (427)
  - Oncology (277)
  - Ophthalmology (107)
  - Paediatrics (643)
  - Palliative care (77)
  - Pathology (41)
  - Patient-centred medicine (474)
  - Pharmacology and therapeutics (448)
  - Pharmacology and therapeutics (340)
  - Public health (2269)
  - Public health (1483)
  - Qualitative research (714)
  - Radiology and imaging (113)
  - Rehabilitation medicine (311)
  - Renal medicine (141)
  - Reproductive medicine (49)
  - Research methods (615)
  - Respiratory medicine (351)
  - Respiratory medicine (241)
  - Rheumatology (168)
  - Sexual health (153)
  - Smoking and tobacco (250)
  - Sociology (107)
  - Sports and exercise medicine (221)
  - Surgery (402)
  - Urology (74)
  - Video abstracts
- Guidelines, Recommendations and Consensus Statements
- Press releases (134)

Log in using your username and password

Main menu

Log in using your username and password

You are here

oral manifestations