Table 2

Percentages, ORs and 95% CI for the responses “agree” or “totally agree” to questions about the harmful effects of e-cigarettes on users and on people passively exposed to e-cigarettes and to questions about the usefulness of e-cigarettes for quitting and for reducing tobacco consumption among the general population in Barcelona who were aware of e-cigarettes (n=583), Spain (2013–2014)

	n	Belief of harmful effects of e-cigarettes				p Value‡	Belief of usefulness of e-cigarettes					Comparisons*
		On users		On non-users passively exposed			For quitting smoking		For reducing smoking		p Value§	p Value¶	p Value**
		Per cent	OR† (95% CI)	Per cent	OR† (95% CI)		Per cent	OR† (95% CI)	Per cent	OR† (95% CI)	p Value§	p Value¶	p Value**
Overall	583	40.1	–	27.1	–	<0.001	29.9	–	50.6	–	<0.001	0.047	0.044
Sex
Male	274	38.7	1	26.5	1	0.001	35.2	1.65 (1.12 to 2.45)	49.4	1	<0.001	0.755	0.095
Female	309	41.3	1.16 (0.75 to 1.78)	27.7	1.15 (0.70 to 1.87)	<0.001	25.1	1	51.6	1.10 (0.78 to 1.56)	<0.001	0.017	0.281
Age (years)
25–44	187	37.2	1	24.6	1	0.002	34.7	1.64 (0.91 to 2.96)	56.9	1.56 (0.95 to 2.58)	<0.001	0.906	0.010
45–64	240	37.8	1.04 (0.63 to 1.72)	25.4	1.06 (0.60 to 1.88)	0.013	28.6	1.29 (0.74 to 2.27)	49.1	1.17 (0.74 to 1.87)	<0.001	0.289	0.193
≥65	156	49.3	1.73 (0.90 to 3.31)	35.2	2.03 (0.99 to 4.18)	0.016	24.8	1	43.8	1	<0.001	0.003	0.360
Educational level
Low	85	44.1	0.99 (0.51 to 1.92)	25.0	1	0.031	27.5	1	43.8	1	0.002	0.377	1.000
Intermediate	237	39.0	1	28.6	1.66 (0.75 to 3.68)	0.012	27.7	0.84 (0.44 to 1.62)	49.3	1.13 (0.65 to 1.97)	<0.001	0.201	0.278
High	261	39.5	1.08 (0.66 to 1.74)	26.5	1.61 (0.70 to 3.72)	0.002	32.6	1.00 (0.52 to 1.92)	53.8	1.25 (0.71 to 2.22)	<0.001	0.314	0.045
Smoking status
Never-smokers	206	42.3	1.10 (0.63 to 1.90)	34.4	1.93 (1.02 to 3.63)	0.180	29.2	1.15 (0.71 to 1.86)	47.8	0.98 (0.65 to 1.49)	<0.001	0.043	1.000
Former smokers	217	39.8	0.98 (0.56 to 1.73)	25.2	1.19 (0.61 to 2.30)	0.004	26.8	1	47.1	1	<0.001	0.253	0.470
Current smokers	160	37.5	1	20.6	1	<0.001	35.0	1.37 (0.83 to 2.26)	58.4	1.50 (0.95 to 2.35)	<0.001	1.000	0.012
FTCD
Low–Medium (0–5)	133	37.8	1.05 (0.38 to 2.92)	21.3	1.25 (0.35 to 4.39)	0.002	35.1	1.11 (0.41 to 3.03)	56.1	1	<0.001	1.000	0.058
High (6–10)	27	36.4	1	18.2	1	0.250	34.8	1	69.2	1.71 (0.68 to 4.33)	0.008	1.000	0.111
Have you ever used an e-cigarette?
No	535	40.1	0.93 (0.46 to 1.88)	28.6	2.03 (0.81 to 5.11)	<0.001	29.3	1	50.0	1	<0.001	0.052	0.107
Yes	48	39.5	1	15.8	1	<0.001	35.6	1.22 (0.63 to 2.37)	56.5	1.23 (0.65 to 2.30)	0.004	0.824	0.189

*Comparisons between the perception of harmful effects on users and the usefulness of e-cigarettes for quitting or reducing smoking.
†Adjusted ORs for sex, age and educational level.
‡Comparison of the percentages of people who perceived that e-cigarettes have harmful effects on users and on people passively exposed to e-cigarettes using McNemar's χ² test.
§Comparison of the percentages of people who perceived that e-cigarettes were useful for quitting tobacco smoking and for reducing tobacco smoking using McNemar's χ²-test.
¶Comparison of the percentages of people who perceived that e-cigarettes have harmful effects on users and were useful for quitting tobacco smoking using McNemar's χ²-test.
**Comparison of the percentages of people who perceived that e-cigarettes have harmful effects on users and were useful for reducing tobacco smoking using McNemar's χ² test.
e-cigarette, electronic cigarette; FTCD, Fagerström Test for Cigarette Dependence.