Quality assessment based on the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme guidelines
Author and date | Addressed a clearly focused issue | Appropriate method | Recruitment and comparability of study groups | Blinding | Exposure measurement | Outcome measurement | Follow-up | Confounding factors | Analysis | Results | Overall |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Asimakopoulou (2008)20 | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | L |
Avis (1989)21 | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | _ | • | • | L |
Christensen (1995)22 | • | • | • | _ | • | • | • | • | • | • | L |
Christensen (2004)23 | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | _ | • | • | L-M |
Connelly (1998)24 | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | M-H |
Hanlon (1995)25 | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | _ | • | • | M |
Hussein (2008)26 | • | • | • | _ | • | • | • | • | • | • | M |
Paterson (2002)27 | • | • | • | _ | _ | • | • | • | • | • | L |
Persell (2013)28 | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | _ | • | • | M |
Price (2011)29 | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | _ | • | • | M-H |
Qureshi (2012)30 | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | M |
Bucher (2010)31 | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | _ | • | • | H |
Hall (2003)32 | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | M | |
Hanon (2000)33 | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | _ | • | • | M |
Grover (2007)34 | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | _ | • | • | M-H |
Grover (2009)35 | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | _ | • | • | M |
Lowensteyn (1998)36 | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | _ | • | • | M |
L, low; M, medium; H, high.