Twenty-four-hour urinary sodium and potassium excretions by region and equivalent dietary salt and potassium intake
| Region | 24 h urinary sodium excretion (mmol/day)* | Average salt intake (g/day)† | 24 h urinary potassium excretion (mmol/day)* | Average potassium intake (g/day)† |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abruzzo | 127.4 (78.9) | 7.84 | 62.2 (30.2) | 3.15 |
| Basilicata | 182.6 (81.8) | 11.24 | 55.3 (20.9) | 2.80 |
| Calabria | 182.8 (98.7) | 11.25 | 58.2 (22.8) | 2.95 |
| Campania | 162.0 (92.1) | 9.97 | 60.9 (27.5) | 3.09 |
| Emilia-Romagna | 159.4 (81.1) | 9.81 | 54.7 (22.7) | 2.77 |
| Friuli-Venezia Giulia | 153.1 (90.2) | 9.42 | 51.5 (23.3) | 2.61 |
| Lazio | 147.5 (78.4) | 9.08 | 61.0 (21.1) | 3.09 |
| Liguria | 146.9 (69.5) | 9.04 | 54.1 (21.0) | 2.74 |
| Lombardia | 142.2 (80.0) | 8.75 | 53.1 (21.8) | 2.69 |
| Marche | 156.5 (85.8) | 9.63 | 60.1 (21.6) | 3.05 |
| Molise | 141.5 (64.0) | 8.71 | 55.9 (26.0) | 2.83 |
| Piemonte | 167.4 (81.3) | 10.30 | 56.3 (25.9) | 2.85 |
| Puglia | 182.0 (94.1) | 11.20 | 60.2 (23.3) | 3.05 |
| Toscana | 143.1 (76.6) | 8.81 | 59.5 (28.8) | 3.02 |
| Trentino-Alto Adige | 138.3 (78.8) | 8.51 | 56.0 (19.5) | 2.84 |
| Umbria | 157.0 (81.4) | 9.66 | 57.6 (25.0) | 2.92 |
| Val d'Aosta | 131.7 (73.4) | 8.11 | 57.2 (21.9) | 2.90 |
| Veneto | 156.3 (82.4) | 9.62 | 61.8 (20.6) | 3.13 |
| Sardegna | 131.8 (84.2) | 8.11 | 55.8 (23.3) | 2.83 |
| Sicilia | 178.8 (83.3) | 11.00 | 56.6 (25.4) | 2.87 |
*Values are reported as median (IQR). p Values for the medians of 24 h urinary sodium and potassium excretions across all Italian regions are both <0.001 by the Kruskal-Wallis test.
†We estimated intake from 24 h urinary excretion by using a conversion factor of 1.05 for sodium and of 1.3 for potassium. 17.1 mmol of Na=0.4 g of sodium equivalent to 1 g of salt; 1 mmol of K=39 mg of K.52