Education |
None, year 10, year 12 | 1.00 | – | |
Trade/certificate/diploma | 1.28 | 1.13 to 1.46 | 0.001 |
University/higher degree | 0.99 | 0.86 to 1.13 | 0.835 |
Smoking status |
Non-smoker | 1.00 | – | |
Ex-smoker | 0.78 | 0.69 to 0.87 | 0.001 |
Current smoker | 0.64 | 0.52 to 0.78 | 0.001 |
Alcohol use |
Non-drinker/low risk | 1.00 | – | |
Risky/high risk | 0.63 | 0.50 to 0.79 | 0.001 |
Severe tiredness |
Never/rarely | 1.00 | – | |
Sometimes/often | 1.25 | 1.12 to 1.40 | 0.001 |
Depression |
Never/rarely | 1.00 | – | |
Sometimes/often | 1.30 | 1.11 to 1.53 | 0.001 |
Anxiety |
Never/rarely | 1.00 | – | |
Sometimes/often | 1.33 | 1.15 to 1.53 | 0.001 |
Other cancer |
No | 1.00 | – | |
Yes | 1.84 | 1.28 to 2.65 | 0.001 |
Other major illness or disability |
No | 1.00 | – | |
Yes | 1.43 | 1.18 to 1.75 | 0.001 |
Vitamins/minerals |
Never/rarely | 1.00 | – | |
Sometimes/often | 1.61 | 1.42 to 1.82 | 0.001 |
Yoga/meditation |
Never/rarely | 1.00 | – | |
Sometimes/often | 2.00 | 1.75 to 2.28 | 0.001 |
Herbal medicines |
Never/rarely | 1.00 | – | |
Sometimes/often | 1.19 | 1.05 to 1.34 | 0.006 |
Aromatherapy oils |
Never/rarely | 1.00 | – | |
Sometimes/often | 1.59 | 1.39 to 1.83 | 0.000 |
Other alternative therapy |
Never/rarely | 1.00 | – | |
Sometimes/often | 2.47 | 2.07 to 2.95 | 0.001 |
Consultation with a counsellor, psychologist or social worker |
Yes | 1.00 | – | |
No | 0.72 | 0.60 to 0.87 | 0.001 |
Life orientation test | 1.07 | 1.06 to 1.09 | 0.001 |