Incidence of HF or AF in relation to the sex-specific quartiles of blood cadmium
| Sex-specific quartiles of blood cadmium | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | P trend | |
| HF, n, per 1000 p-y | 22 (1.2) | 38 (2.0) | 33 (1.8) | 50 (2.8) | |
| HR (95% CI), model 1 | 1.00 | 1.56 (0.92 to 2.63) | 1.28 (0.75 to 2.20) | 2.64 (1.60 to 4.36) | <0.001 |
| HR (95% CI), model 2 | 1.00 | 1.59 (0.92 to 2.72) | 1.04 (0.59 to 1.84) | 1.95 (1.02 to 3.72) | 0.21 |
| AF, n, per 1000 p-y | 83 (4.5) | 90 (4.9) | 122 (6.7) | 90 (5.2) | |
| HR (95% CI), model 1 | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.74 to 1.34) | 1.32 (1.00 to 1.75) | 1.25 (0.93 to 1.68) | 0.08 |
| HR (95% CI), model 2 | 1.00 | 0.98 (0.73 to 1.33) | 1.19 (0.89 to 1.59) | 1.02 (0.69 to 1.51) | 0.45 |
HR model 1 adjusted for age.
HR model 2 adjusted for age, systolic blood pressure, use of blood pressure-lowering or lipids-lowering medications, presence of diabetes mellitus, history of a coronary event, waist circumference, smoking status, alcohol intake, LDL, HDL, hsCRP, plasma creatinine, marital and educational status.
AF, atrial fibrillation; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HF, heart failure; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C reactive protein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; p-y, person-year.