Total | Father | Mother | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Estimate | SE | p Value | Estimate | SE | p Value | Estimate | SE | p Value | |
Number of offspring | |||||||||
0 | −7.762 | 0.679 | <0.0001 | −6.143 | 0.949 | <0.0001 | −8.372 | 1.031 | <0.0001 |
1 | −2.425 | 0.398 | <0.0001 | −2.245 | 0.589 | 0.000 | −2.554 | 0.543 | <0.0001 |
2 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
3 | 0.991 | 0.279 | 0.000 | 1.111 | 0.412 | 0.008 | 0.967 | 0.382 | 0.012 |
4 | −0.744 | 0.379 | 0.051 | −0.418 | 0.605 | 0.491 | −0.785 | 0.488 | 0.109 |
≥5 | −1.529 | 0.414 | 0.000 | −0.400 | 0.700 | 0.569 | −1.897 | 0.516 | 0.000 |
Average age of offspring (years) | |||||||||
Q1 (≤27.5) | −1.333 | 0.677 | 0.049 | −2.467 | 1.097 | 0.025 | −1.283 | 0.907 | 0.158 |
Q2 (27.6–36.0) | −0.271 | 0.576 | 0.638 | −1.081 | 0.977 | 0.269 | −1.297 | 0.757 | 0.087 |
Q3 (36.1–44.0) | 0.123 | 0.465 | 0.793 | −0.123 | 0.821 | 0.881 | −0.527 | 0.593 | 0.374 |
Q4 (≥44.1) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
Age (years) | |||||||||
≤49 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
50–54 | 0.172 | 0.426 | 0.687 | 0.006 | 0.621 | 0.993 | 0.745 | 0.597 | 0.212 |
55–59 | −0.537 | 0.500 | 0.283 | −0.385 | 0.705 | 0.585 | 0.118 | 0.741 | 0.874 |
60–64 | −1.612 | 0.559 | 0.004 | −1.129 | 0.815 | 0.166 | −1.425 | 0.815 | 0.081 |
65–69 | −2.771 | 0.629 | <0.0001 | −1.055 | 0.921 | 0.252 | −4.164 | 0.909 | <0.0001 |
70–74 | −4.546 | 0.711 | <0.0001 | −3.596 | 1.062 | 0.001 | −5.740 | 1.009 | <0.0001 |
≥75 | −6.028 | 0.782 | <0.0001 | −6.268 | 1.250 | <0.0001 | −7.011 | 1.069 | <0.0001 |
Gender | |||||||||
Male (father) | 0.479 | 0.326 | 0.142 | NA | NA | ||||
Female (mother) | Ref. | ||||||||
Education | |||||||||
Elementary school or less | −11.304 | 0.397 | <0.0001 | −9.976 | 0.517 | 0.000 | −13.314 | 0.689 | <0.0001 |
Middle school | −6.683 | 0.405 | <0.0001 | −6.399 | 0.528 | 0.001 | −8.271 | 0.705 | <0.0001 |
High school | −3.879 | 0.361 | <0.0001 | −4.015 | 0.445 | 0.003 | −5.078 | 0.670 | 0.000 |
College or above | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
Marital status | |||||||||
Married | 2.615 | 0.296 | <0.0001 | 4.332 | 0.595 | <0.0001 | 1.460 | 0.350 | <0.0001 |
Single (including separated, divorced) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
Income | |||||||||
Yes | 1.871 | 0.278 | <0.0001 | 2.493 | 0.364 | <0.0001 | 1.178 | 0.442 | 0.008 |
No | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
Economic activity | |||||||||
Yes | 4.876 | 0.261 | <0.0001 | 7.007 | 0.400 | <0.0001 | 3.300 | 0.356 | <0.0001 |
No | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
Number of visits with friends | |||||||||
Never | −11.696 | 0.418 | <0.0001 | −12.802 | 0.637 | <0.0001 | −10.127 | 0.558 | <0.0001 |
3–6 times a year | −5.672 | 0.420 | <0.0001 | −5.831 | 0.635 | <0.0001 | −5.447 | 0.560 | <0.0001 |
1–2 times a month | −3.538 | 0.303 | <0.0001 | −3.485 | 0.446 | <0.0001 | −3.694 | 0.420 | <0.0001 |
1–2 times a week | −2.609 | 0.263 | <0.0001 | −3.035 | 0.416 | <0.0001 | −2.319 | 0.337 | <0.0001 |
Every day | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
Smoking status | |||||||||
Never | 2.259 | 0.334 | <0.0001 | 1.664 | 0.385 | <0.0001 | 4.339 | 0.840 | <0.0001 |
Former smoker | 1.592 | 0.377 | <0.0001 | 1.551 | 0.407 | 0.000 | −0.292 | 1.471 | 0.843 |
Smoker | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
Alcohol use | |||||||||
Yes | 1.904 | 0.267 | <0.0001 | 1.674 | 0.413 | <0.0001 | 2.084 | 0.361 | <0.0001 |
Former user | −3.505 | 0.382 | <0.0001 | −3.529 | 0.534 | <0.0001 | −3.380 | 0.619 | <0.0001 |
No | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
Depressive symptoms | |||||||||
Yes | −13.504 | 0.404 | <0.0001 | −13.378 | 0.708 | <0.0001 | −13.206 | 0.487 | <0.0001 |
No | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
Number of chronic diseases | |||||||||
0 | 12.557 | 0.518 | <0.0001 | 12.626 | 0.836 | <0.0001 | 12.118 | 0.657 | <0.0001 |
1 | 7.116 | 0.548 | <0.0001 | 7.569 | 0.890 | <0.0001 | 6.591 | 0.690 | <0.0001 |
≥2 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
Year | |||||||||
2006 | −3.963 | 0.335 | <0.0001 | −4.284 | 0.499 | <0.0001 | −3.473 | 0.452 | <0.0001 |
2008 | −4.275 | 0.327 | <0.0001 | −4.540 | 0.490 | <0.0001 | −3.829 | 0.440 | <0.0001 |
2010 | −4.523 | 0.315 | <0.0001 | −4.733 | 0.471 | <0.0001 | −4.119 | 0.425 | <0.0001 |
2012 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
HRQoL, health-related quality of life; Ref., reference.