Table 1

Inclusion and exclusion criteria

Inclusion criteriaExclusion criteria
  1. Age >18 years

  2. Symptomatic acute pulmonary embolism with first clinical symptoms within 15 days, and objectively confirmed by CT scan

  3. RV dysfunction confirmed by echocardiography or spiral CT of the chest: ▸ Echocardiography (≥1 criterion): RV/LV end-diastolic diameter >1 (apical or subcostal 4-chamber view) ▸ CT: right/left short-axis diameter ratio >0.9 (transverse plane) ▸ BNP >200 pg/mL or NT-pro BNP >600 pg/mL

  4. One abnormal PESI criteria: ▸ Heart rate >110/min ▸ Systolic blood pressure <100 mm Hg ▸ Arterial oxyhaemoglobin level <90%

  1. Cardiogenic shock requiring thrombolysis

  2. Significant LV insufficiency (LVEF <45%)

  3. Systolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg at admission

  4. Age ≤18 years

  5. Pregnancy

  6. No health insurance

  7. Patients deprived of liberty or under legal protection

  • BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; LV, left ventricular; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; PESI, Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index; RV, right ventricular.