Factors affecting QoL (EQ-VAS) at follow-up
| Per cent (n) within variable | Mean (SD) | Univariate | Adjusted linear regression (R2=33%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| p Value | Coefficient | 95% CI | p Value | ||
| Constant term | 54.0 | (38.1 to 56.6) | |||
| Site | |||||
| Pharmacy | 80.9 (15.3) | 0.054* | Ref | ||
| General practice | 75.5 (19.5) | −4.58 | (−9.19 to 0.02) | 0.051 | |
| ED | 74.8 (19.6) | −3.61 | (−9.72 to 2.49) | 0.245 | |
| Ailment | |||||
| Musculoskeletal aches/pains | 73.1 (19.4) | 0.005† | Ref | ||
| Eye pain/discomfort | 81.2 (16.5) | 1.56 | (−4.66 to 7.79) | 0.622 | |
| Stomach upset | 84.7 (11.2) | 7.22 | (−1.92 to 16.4) | 0.121 | |
| URT | 81.8 (16.5) | 4.61 | (−0.38 to 9.60) | 0.070 | |
| Multiple ailments | 74.8 (18.4) | 5.33 | (−2.65 to 13.3) | 0.189 | |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 76.6 (18.2) | 0.536‡ | Ref | ||
| Female | 78.0 (18.2) | −0.12 | (−4.25 to 4.02) | 0.956 | |
| Employment | |||||
| Employed | 80.6 (15.9) | 0.010* | Ref | ||
| Retired | 74.9 (18.7) | −3.28 | (−8.99 to 2.43) | 0.259 | |
| Other (including student, unemployed) | 70.6 (23.1) | −8.27 | (−14.0 to−2.55) | 0.005 | |
| Marital status | |||||
| Single | 78.9 (17.1) | 0.736† | |||
| Married/living with partner | 77.5 (18.6) | ||||
| Divorced/separated/widowed | 75.8 (18.1) | ||||
| Live alone | |||||
| Yes | 77.6 (18.7) | 0.898‡ | |||
| No | 77.2 (16.6) | ||||
| First time experienced illness? | |||||
| Yes | 76.1 (18.9) | 0.159‡ | |||
| No | 79.4 (17.1) | ||||
| How serious? | |||||
| Not serious at all | 82.5 (14.1) | <0.001‡ | Ref | ||
| Somewhat/very serious | 74.7 (19.7) | −0.55 | (−5.05 to 3.96) | 0.811 | |
| Belief on required | |||||
| Within 24 h | 79.4 (16.9) | 0.075‡ | |||
| Time of visit | |||||
| 24 h or more | 75.3 (19.3) | ||||
| Correlation | |||||
| How long had ailment? | |||||
| (Days) | −0.262§ | <0.001 | −0.001 | (−0.002 to 0.000) | 0.163 |
| Baseline EQ-VAS | 0.503§ | <0.001 | 0.47 | (0.37 to 0.57) | <0.001 |
| Age | |||||
| (Years) | −0.059§ | 0.343 | −0.11 | (−0.27 to 0.5) | 0.181 |
Mean (SD) presented as convention for QoL, but testing may be non-parametric dependent on other assumptions.
*Kruskal-Wallis test.
†ANOVA.
‡Independent t test.
§Spearman's rank correlation.
ANOVA, analysis of variance; ED, emergency department; QoL, quality of life; URT, upper respiratory tract; VAS, visual analogue scale.