The univariate associations of basic characteristics with late mortality in 153 patients with acute asthma or COPD
| Percentage of patients with the characteristic | Association with late mortality | Missing values | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | HR (95% CI) | p Value | ||
| Age >71 years | 40 | 4.17 (2.39 to 7.29) | <0.001 | 0 |
| Male gender | 54 | 2.84 (1.59 to 5.06) | <0.001 | 0 |
| BMI <28.8 kg/m2 | 50 | 2.40 (1.38 to 4.16) | 0.002 | 0 |
| Ever smoking | 62 | 2.76 (1.46 to 5.21) | 0.002 | 0 |
| Karnofsky score <90% | 47 | 2.27 (1.32 to 3.89) | 0.003 | 1 |
| Presence of COPD | 28 | 3.94 (2.33 to 6.67) | <0.001 | 0 |
| Diastolic blood pressure <79 mm Hg | 41 | 2.72 (1.59 to 4.68) | <0.001 | 3 |
| Oxygen saturation <93% | 42 | 2.48 (1.43 to 4.30) | 0.001 | 6 |
| Urea >5.75 mmol/L | 50 | 2.43 (1.36 to 4.34) | 0.003 | 14 |
| Duration of hospitalisation >6 days | 45 | 1.84 (1.08 to 3.12) | 0.024 | 1 |
| Doctor’s diagnosis of diabetes | 15 | 1.51 (0.77 to 2.95)* | 0.23 | 0 |
| Screening diabetes | 13 | 1.25 (0.58 to 2.68)* | 0.57 | 4 |
| All diabetes | 29 | 1.42 (0.82 to 2.48)* | 0.22 | 4 |
| Fasting hyperglycaemia >6.9 mmol/L | 71 | 1.43 (0.78 to 2.62) | 0.24 | 0 |
| Highest fasting glucose value | 1.03 (0.96 to 1.11)† | 0.42 | 0 | |
| Postprandial hyperglycaemia >11.1 mmol/L | 61 | 1.48 (0.85 to 2.57) | 0.16 | 0 |
| Highest postprandial glucose value | 1.05 (0.99 to 1.11)† | 0.092 | 0 | |
The continuous variables are divided by the best cut-off values, which predict death during follow-up according to ROC curves except the HbA1c and plasma glucose values, which are divided according to international recommendations.15
*Compared with patients without any form of diabetes.
†HR is expressed per 1 mmol/L of plasma glucose.
BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HbA1c, glycosylated haemoglobin expressed as percentage of total haemoglobin; ROC, receiver operator curve.