Summary of patients with PM/DM
| Clinical findings | Visually identified FDG uptakes in muscles* | FDG uptakes in other organs | Muscle biopsy findings† | MRI findings‡ | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | Sex | Clinical diagnosis | Duration§ | CK¶ | Therapy at PET** | SCM | PC | S | U | PT | PL | B | T | Lung | Lymph nodes | Malignancy | Others | Sites | Cell inf | Nec/reg | Sites | High signals | Consistency with vFDG | |
| PM/DM without other collagen diseases | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 24 | M | DM | 1 | 3000 | 5d P80 | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ↑ | BB | 2 | 3 | Thigh | (+) | P (+) | |||
| 2 | 82 | M | DM | 1 | 4307 | 5d P50 | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | Porta hepatis | BB | 0 | 1 | Thigh | (+) | (−) | |||||||
| 3 | 52 | F | DM | 4 | 436 | (−) | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | BB | 3 | 3 | Thigh | (+) | P (+) | |||||||
| 4 | 20 | F | DM | 3 | 312 | (−) | ↑ | BB | 0 | 1 | Thigh | (+) | (−) | |||||||||||
| 5 | 37 | F | DM ILD | 1 | 783 | 7d P20 | ▪ | ↑ | BB | 1 | 1 | Thigh | (+) | (−) | ||||||||||
| 6 | 33 | F | DM | 3 | 51 | (−) | ▪ | ↑ | Stomach, uterus | BB | 1 | 1 | Not done | |||||||||||
| 7 | 33 | F | DM | 2 | 274 | (−) | ▪ | ↑ | Marrow, spleen | BB | 0 | 0 | Not done | |||||||||||
| 8 | 73 | F | DM | 1 | 182 | (−) | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ↑ | Stomach | BB | 3 | 3 | Not done | ||||||
| 9 | 66 | M | DM | 4 | 239 | (−) | BB | 0 | 2 | Should.br | (+) | (−) | ||||||||||||
| 10 | 65 | M | DM | 2 | 377 | (−) | ↑ | Lung | Deltoid | 1 | 2 | Brachium | (+) | (−) | ||||||||||
| 11 | 53 | M | DM | 4 | 2488 | (−) | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | BB | 2 | 2 | Thigh | (+) | (−) | |||||
| 12 | 25 | F | PM | 4 | 926 | (−) | BB | 2 | 0 | Thigh | (+) | (−) | ||||||||||||
| 13 | 76 | F | PM ILD | 2 | 1343 | (−) | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ↑ | BB | 1 | 3 | Thigh | (+) | (−) | ||||||||
| 14 | 54 | M | PM ILD | 14 | 6347 | 2d P60 | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ↑ | Gastro | 1 | 1 | Thigh | (+) | P (+) | |||||||
| 15 | 56 | F | PM ILD | 8 | 362 | (−) | ↑ | ↑ | Joints | QF | 2 | 1 | Thigh | (+) | (−) | |||||||||
| 16 | 55 | F | PM | 12 | 1019 | (−) | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ↑ | ↑ | Spleen | BB | 1 | 1 | Not done | ||||||||
| 17 | 69 | F | PM | 60 | 758 | (−) | ▪ | Myocardium | Deltoid | 1 | 2 | Not done | ||||||||||||
| 18 | 79 | F | PM | 7 | 9627 | (−) | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | Lung | BB | 0 | 2 | Thigh | (+) | (−) | ||||||||
| 19 | 52 | M | PM | 60 | 3372 | 9d P60 | Deltoid | 2 | 1 | Thigh | (+) | (−) | ||||||||||||
| 20 | 40 | F | PM | 2 | 1842 | 7d P60 | BB | 1 | 2 | Not done | ||||||||||||||
| 21 | 50 | F | PM | 36 | 7182 | (−) | BB | 0 | 2 | Brachium | (−) | N (+) | ||||||||||||
| 22 | 73 | M | PM ILD | 1 | 1377 | 13d P55 | ▪ | ▪ | Diaphragm | BB | 2 | 1 | Not done | |||||||||||
| PM/DM with other collagen diseases | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 23 | 27 | F | MCTD | 7 | 200 | 8d P50 | ↑ | Salivary gland | BB | 2 | 1 | Thigh | (−) | N (+) | ||||||||||
| 24 | 72 | F | PM, SSC | 18 | 1442 | (−) | ↑ | ↑ | Pudenda | BB | 2 | 1 | Brachium | (+) | (−) | |||||||||
| 25 | 73 | F | PM, SSC | 14 | 126 | (−) | ↑ | Thyroid gland. | BB | 0 | 0 | Thigh | (−) | N (+) | ||||||||||
| 26 | 70 | F | PM RA Sjs | 24 | 761 | (−) | ↑ | ↑ | BB | 2 | 2 | Thigh | (+) | (−) | ||||||||||
| 27 | 72 | F | PM CREST | 36 | 386 | (−) | ▪ | ▪ | ↑ | Joints | QF | 2 | 1 | Thigh | (+) | (−) | ||||||||
| 28 | 42 | M | MCTD | 3 | 5585 | (−) | ▪ | ▪ | ↑ | BB | 3 | 3 | Thigh | (+) | (−) | |||||||||
| 29 | 65 | F | PM Sjs | 2 | 1764 | (−) | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ↑ | ↑ | Joints | BB | 2 | 2 | Thigh | (−) | N (+) | |||||
| 30 | 70 | F | PM RA | 3 | 1050 | (−) | ↑ | ↑ | QF | 2 | 1 | Not done | ||||||||||||
| 31 | 63 | M | PM SSC | 7 | 1396 | (−) | ▪ | BB | 1 | 2 | Brachium | (−) | N (+) | |||||||||||
| 32 | 52 | F | PM SSC | 1 | 1142 | (−) | ▪ | ↑ | ↑ | BB | 0 | 1 | Brachium | (+) | (−) | |||||||||
| 33 | 75 | F | MCTD | 7 | 2123 | (−) | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | ▪ | Peritoneum | BB | 2 | 2 | Brachium | (+) | P (+) | ||||||
*The regions of positive vFDG at least in either side of the region are indicated by filled squares. vFDG-positivity criterion is described in Material and methods.
†The criteria for grading of pathological findings is described in Material and methods.
‡P (+), both PET and MRI showed positive findings; N (+), both PET and MRI were negative; (−), either PET or MRI showed positive findings.
§Duration of illness (months).
¶Serum creatine kinase (CK) levels (IU/L).
**Duration (days) and daily dose (mg) of prednisolone (P) at the time of the PET study.
B, buttock; BB, biceps brachii; cell inf, mononuclear cell infiltration; CREST, CREST syndrome; DM, dermatomyositis; Gastro, gastrocnemius; ILD, interstitial lung disease; MCTD, mixed connective tissue disease; nec/reg, muscle fibre necrosis and regeneration; PC, paraspinal muscles at cervical levels; PET, positron emission tomography; PL, paraspinal muscles at lumbar levels; PM, polymyositis; PT, paraspinal muscles at thoracic levels; QF, quadriceps femoris; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; S, shoulders; SCM, sternoclidomastoid muscles; Sjs, Sjögren syndrome; SSC, systemic sclerosis; T, thighs.