Risk of premature mortality among adults aged 20–59 years in relation to density of CCP or alcohol outlet Q.
| Crude relative risk (95% CI) | Adjusted relative risk (95% CI)* | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exposure variable | All | Males | Females | All | Males | Females |
| CCP density Q | ||||||
| Q1 | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| Q2 | 0.96 (0.89 to 1.03) | 0.91 (0.83 to 1.00) | 0.94 (0.84 to 1.05) | 0.91 (0.84 to 0.98) | 0.88 (0.80 to 0.98) | 0.92 (0.81 to 1.03) |
| Q3 | 1.21 (1.14 to 1.28) | 1.19 (1.10 to 1.28) | 1.14 (1.04 to 1.24) | 1.04 (0.98 to 1.11) | 1.03 (0.94 to 1.12) | 1.05 (0.95 to 1.17) |
| Q4 | 1.24 (1.17 to 1.32) | 1.25 (1.17 to 1.35) | 1.16 (1.06 to 1.27) | 1.07 (1.00 to 1.14) | 1.07 (0.98 to 1.16) | 1.08 (0.97 to 1.20) |
| Q5 | 1.46 (1.38 to 1.54) | 1.52 (1.42 to 1.63) | 1.24 (1.13 to 1.36) | 1.20 (1.12 to 1.29) | 1.25 (1.15 to 1.36) | 1.11 (0.99 to 1.24) |
| All alcohol outlet density Q† | ||||||
| Q1 | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| Q2 | 1.13 (1.06 to 1.20) | 1.16 (1.07 to 1.25) | 1.08 (0.99 to 1.19) | 1.03 (0.96 to 1.09) | 1.04 (0.96 to 1.13) | 1.03 (0.93 to 1.13) |
| Q3 | 1.01 (0.95 to 1.08) | 1.06 (0.98 to 1.15) | 0.96 (0.87 to 1.06) | 0.99 (0.93 to 1.06) | 1.04 (0.96 to 1.13) | 0.95 (0.86 to 1.05) |
| Q4 | 1.18 (1.11 to 1.26) | 1.21 (1.11 to 1.31) | 1.11 (1.00 to 1.22) | 1.18 (1.10 to 1.26) | 1.21 (1.11 to 1.32) | 1.11 (0.99 to 1.23) |
| Q5 | 1.28 (1.20 to 1.35) | 1.35 (1.26 to 1.46) | 1.10 (1.00 to 1.21) | 1.26 (1.18 to 1.35) | 1.36 (1.25 to 1.48) | 1.11 (1.00 to 1.24) |
| Alcohol-focused outlet density Q‡ | ||||||
| Q1 | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) | 1.00 (Referent) |
| Q2 | 0.99 (0.93 to 1.05) | 0.93 (0.86 to 1.01) | 0.99 (0.89 to 1.09) | 0.85 (0.79 to 0.92) | 0.82 (0.74 to 0.90) | 0.91 (0.80 to 1.02) |
| Q3 | 1.08 (1.01 to 1.15) | 1.03 (0.95 to 1.11) | 1.06 (0.96 to 1.17) | 0.95 (0.88 to 1.03) | 0.93 (0.85 to 1.02) | 0.98 (0.88 to 1.10) |
| Q4 | 1.12 (1.05 to 1.20) | 1.08 (1.00 to 1.17) | 1.08 (0.98 to 1.20) | 1.04 (0.96 to 1.12) | 1.03 (0.94 to 1.13) | 1.05 (0.93 to 1.18) |
| Q5 | 1.20 (1.12 to 1.27) | 1.17 (1.08 to 1.26) | 1.08 (0.98 to 1.20) | 1.06 (0.98 to 1.14) | 1.06 (0.96 to 1.17) | 1.02 (0.90 to 1.15) |
*All models were adjusted for the material deprivation Q and crime Q, while the analysis of CCPs was also adjusted for the number of banks.
†Includes all on-premise alcohol licensed facilities, as well as liquor and beer stores.
‡ Restricted to specific on-premise alcohol licensed facilities (see online supplementary table 2), as well as liquor and beer stores.
CCP, cheque cashing place; Q, quintile.