Table 1

Enhanced recovery elements in liver and pancreatic resectional surgery

Liver resectionPancreatic resection
PreoperativelyInformation given to patient and patient education
No premedication
Information given to patient and patient education
No premedication
Day 0Normothermia during surgery
Mechanical prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis
Intraoperative prophylactic antibiotics
No nasogastric tube
No routine abdominal drain
Normothermia during surgery
Mechanical prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis
Intraoperative prophylactic antibiotics
Routine nasogastric and abdominal drain only for Whipple's operation
Day 1Patient-controlled morphine analgesia
Oral fluid
Moving patient to chair
Patient-controlled morphine analgesia
Oral fluid
Moving patient to chair
Day 2Fluid diet
Enhanced mobilisation
Removal of urinary catheter
Enhanced mobilisation
Day 3Soft diet
Removal of drain
Removal of urinary catheter
Removal of nasogastric tube if draining <300 mL
Day 4Normal dietFluid diet
Removal of drain
Day 5Discharge if no fever, pain can be controlled with oral analgesics and patient has adequate mobilisationSoft diet
Day 6Normal diet
Day 7Discharge if no fever, pain can be controlled with oral analgesics and patient has adequate mobilisation