Unadjusted and adjusted* mean difference/ORs (95% CI) for lifestyle characteristics for ethnic and generation groups
| White British N=3503 | All Pakistani births N=3656 | Pakistani subgroups defined by place of birth of parents | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pakistani: Woman and partner UK born† N=383 | Pakistani: Woman UK born, partner SA born† N=992 | Pakistani: Partner UK born, woman SA born† N=876 | Pakistani: Woman and partner SA born† N=1060 | Pakistani: other N=345 | |||
| BMI at start of pregnancy | |||||||
| Mean (SD) | 26.8 (5.9) | 25.7 (5.4) | 24.3 (4.6) | 26.7 (5.7) | 24.4 (4.7) | 26.4 (5.6) | 25.4 (5.3) |
| Unadjusted mean difference | 0 | −1.15 (−1.41 to −0.88) | −2.53 (−3.13 to −1.94) | −0.15 (−0.55 to 0.25) | −2.44 (−2.86 to −2.02) | −0.43 (−0.82 to −0.04) | −1.40 (−2.02 to −0.77) |
| Adjusted mean difference: model 1* | 0 | −1.75 (−2.01 to −1.49) | −2.84 (−3.41 to −2.26) | −0.73 (−1.12 to −0.34) | −2.95 (−3.36 to −2.54) | −1.49 (−1.88 to −1.10) | −1.22 (−1.83 to −0.62) |
| Adjusted mean difference: model 2‡ | 0 | −1.12 (−1.43 to −0.81) | −2.32 (−2.92 to −1.72) | −0.35 (−0.76 to 0.07) | −2.22 (−2.69 to −1.75) | −0.99 (−1.43 to −0.57) | −0.77 (−1.39 to −0.15) |
| Smoked during pregnancy | |||||||
| Number (%) | 1183 (34) | 123 (3) | 25 (7) | 47 (5) | 7 (0.8) | 18 (2) | 26 (8) |
| Unadjusted OR | 1 | 0.07 (0.06 to 0.08) | 0.14 (0.09 to 0.21) | 0.09 (0.07 to 0.13) | 0.02 (0.01 to 0.03) | 0.03 (0.02 to 0.05) | 0.16 (0.11 to 0.24) |
| Adjusted OR: model 1* | 1 | 0.06 (0.05 to 0.07) | 0.13 (0.09 to 0.20) | 0.09 (0.06 to 0.12) | 0.01 (0.01 to 0.03) | 0.03 (0.02 to 0.05) | 0.12 (0.08 to 0.19) |
| Adjusted OR: model 2‡ | 1 | 0.06 (0.05 to 0.08) | 0.15 (0.09 to 0.23) | 0.09 (0.07 to 0.13) | 0.01 (0.01 to 0.03) | 0.03 (0.02 to 0.05) | 0.13 (0.08 to 0.19) |
*Adjusted for maternal age; parity.
†All four parents of the woman and her partner South Asian (SA) born.
‡Adjusted for maternal age; parity; employment status; level of education, receipt of means tested benefits; housing tenure.