Study characteristics
| Study year/origin | Length (months) | Sample size | Sex | Age | BMI (kg/m2) | Interventions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stewart et al23 2005/USA | 6 | EX 57 | F 31 M 26 | 63±1.5 | 29.4±1.1 | 3 days/week: RT, 7 EX 2 sets of 10–15 reps 45 min; aerobic at 60–90% VO2 max |
| Ctrl 58 | F 31 M 27 | 64±1.7 | 29.7±1.4 | NIA guidelines for EX and AHA Step I Diet given to both groups | ||
| Coker et al21 2006/USA | 3 | MI 7 | NR | 73±2 | 29±1 | Cycle ergometer 4–5 days/week 50% VO2 max |
| HI 7 | 73±2 | 31±1 | Cycle ergometer 4–5 days/week 75% VO2 max | |||
| Ctrl 7 | 70±3 | 31±1 | Usual sedentary activity | |||
| DiPietro et al17 2006/USA | 9 | MI 9 | All F | 73±3 | 28±4.5 | Expend 300 kcal/day at 80% VO2 max |
| HI 9 | 72±3 | 26.3±3 | Expend 300 kcal/day at 65% peak VO2 max | |||
| Ctrl 7 | 75±5 | 27±4.7 | Stretching and strengthening Thera-Bands and Thera-Balls | |||
| Villareal et al6 2006/USA | 6 | INT 17 | F 12 M 4 | 69±5 | 39±5 | Energy deficit of 750 kcal/day, EX 30 min endurance (70% VO2 peak), 30 min of strength training, 15 min balance, EX 3 non-consecutive day/week in group |
| Ctrl 10 | F 6 M 4 | 71±4 | 39±5 | Usual sedentary PA | ||
| Boardley et al22 2007/USA | 4 | EX 33 | F 96 M 35 | 73.2±6.6 | 29.8±4.2 | Walking intensity Borg 11–16 |
| RT 31 | 74.1±6.2 | 31.1±6.8 | Thera-Bands, 13 exercises 2 sets of 12 reps | |||
| Comb 32 | 75.3±6.0 | 29.0±5.3 | Total time same as individual times | |||
| Ctrl 35 | 75.9±7.7 | 29.4±4.6 | Usual sedentary PA | |||
| Nishijima et al19 2007/Japan | 6 | INT 281 | F 359 M 171 | 67±6.7 | 26.5±2.5 | Bicycle exercise 2–4 times/week, light RT 60–90 min/session at fitness club |
| Ctrl 280 | 66.9±6.9 | 26.5±2.0 | Usual care | |||
| Finucane et al20 2010/UK | 3 | INT 50 | F 44 M 56 | 71.4±4.2 | 27.4±4.9 | 3,1-h sessions/week @ 70% Wmax |
| Ctrl 50 | 71.4±4.2 | 26.9±3.6 | Usual sedentary PA | |||
| Bocalini et al45 2012/Brazil | 3 | AWC 9 | All F | 67±9 | 23±5 | Circuit-based weight training 50 min 3 days/week |
| AWT 18 | 66±4 | 22±1 | ||||
| OWC 10 | 63±2 | 26±1 | ||||
| OWT 14 | 64±4 | 27±1 | ||||
| OC 9 | 62±1 | 33±1 | ||||
| OT 9 | 62±2 | 34±1 | ||||
| Gudlaugsson et al24 2013/Iceland | 6 | Grp 1, 56 | M 25 F 31 M 29 F 32 | 80.8±4.7 | 27.6±5.3 | 20–45 min walking, with 12-exercise circuit 2 day/week |
| Grp 2, 61 | 78.3±4.1 | 27.4±3.4 |
AHA, American Heart Association; AWC, appropriate weight control; AWT appropriate weight trained; BMI, body mass index; Comb, combination; Ctrl, control; EX, exercise; Grp, Group; HI, high intensity; INT, intervention; MI, moderate intensity; NIA, National Institute on Aging; OC, obese control; OT, obese trained; OWC, overweight control; OWT, overweight trained; PA, physical activity; RT, resistance training.