Metabolic characteristics at baseline and 6 months
| Metabolic characteristics | Baseline | 6 months | Change (6 months−baseline) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n=262) | Women (n=87) | Men (n=175) | Total (n=262) | Women (n=87) | Men (n=175) | Total (n=262) | Women (n=87) | Men (n=175) | |
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |
| Weight (kg) | 88.2 (16.1) | 83.1 (17.9) | 90.7 (14.5) | 85.9 (16.3) | 80.7 (17.7) | 88.5 (15.0) | −2.3 (3.3)z | −2.5 (3.3)z | −2.3 (3.3)z |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 30.7 (5.3) | 31.9 (6.9) | 30.2 (4.7)a | 29.9 (5.4) | 30.9 (6.2) | 29.4 (4.9) | −0.8 (1.2)z | −1 (1.0)z | −0.8 (1.1)z |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 105 (12) | 102 (13)1 | 107 (11) | 103 (12) | 100 (13) | 104 (12) | −3 (4)z | −3 (4)z | −3 (4)z |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.66 (0.94) | 6.67 (0.91) | 6.65 (0.95) | 6.47 (0.89) | 6.41 (0.63) | 6.51 (0.99 )1 | −0.18 (0.72)z | −0.27 (0.63)z | −0.14 (0.75)x |
| (mmol/L) | (49.0 (10.3)) | (49.0 (9.9)) | (49.0 (10.4)) | (47.0 (9.7)) | (47.0 (6.9)) | (48.0 (10.8)) | (−2.0 (7.9)) | (−3.0 (6.9)) | (−1.5 (8.2)) |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.33 (0.90) | 4.66 (0.89)1 | 4.16 (0.86)1c | 4.29 (0.93) | 4.66 (0.98) | 4.11 (0.84) | −0.03 (0.69) | 0.01 (0.79) | −0.06 (0.63) |
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.30 (0.78) | 2.55 (0.81)3 | 2.18 (0.74)2c | 2.27 (0.81) | 2.51 (0.88)3 | 2.15 (0.75)1 | −0.03 (0.67) | −0.03 (0.76) | −0.03 (0.62) |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.29 (0.33) | 1.37 (0.39)1 | 1.25 (0.29)1a | 1.34 (0.37) | 1.45 (0.47) | 1.28 (0.30) | 0.05 (0.27)y | 0.09 (0.37)x | 0.03 (0.21) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 134 (16) | 133 (16) | 134 (15) | 134 (15) | 135 (16) | 134 (14) | 1 (12) | 2 (13) | 0 (12) |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 79 (8) | 78 (8) | 79 (8) | 78 (8) | 78 (8) | 78 (8) | 0 (7) | 0 (8) | 0 (7) |
| Physical activity | (n=223) | (n=75) | (n=148) | (n=223) | (n=75) | (n=148) | (n=223) | (n=75) | (n=148) |
| MVPA | 26 (21) | 21 (18)12 | 29 (22)27 | 33 (25) | 21 (19) | 38 (26) | 7 (21) | 1 (12) | 10 (24) |
a=p<0.05; b=p<0.005; c=p<0.001 women vs men at baseline.
x=p<0.05; y=p<0.005; z=p<0.001 baseline vs 6 month.
Numerical superscripts (1, 2, 3, 12 and 27) indicate the number of participants with missing data for the variable of interest. Cases with missing data are excluded listwise.
HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; MVPA, minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity/day.