Step-wise risk adjustment for 30-day and 1-year mortality (in 30-day survivors) in rural patients with index heart failure versus metropolitan patients
| Risk adjustment | OR (95% CI) | p Value |
|---|---|---|
| Death at 30 days from index admission | ||
| Unadjusted | 1.05 (0.92 to 1.20) | 0.487 |
| Rural patients adjusted for | ||
| Age | 1.16 (1.01 to 1.33) | 0.035 |
| Model 2 (sociodemographics): age, sex, period, Aboriginality, SEIFA, private insurance status | 1.18 (1.01 to 1.38) | 0.047 |
| Model 2+emergency presentation, Charlson index | 1.26 (1.07 to 1.49) | 0.005 |
| Model 3+individual comorbidities*, interactions, insurance status, emergency presentation | 1.26 (1.07 to 1.48) | 0.007 |
| Model 4+PCI/CABG | 1.25 (1.06 to 1.48) | 0.007 |
| Death at 1 year in 30-day survivors | ||
| Unadjusted | 0.99 (0.90 to 1.09) | 0.866 |
| Rural patients adjusted for | ||
| Age | 1.11 (1.01 to 1.23) | 0.030 |
| Model 2: age, sex, period, Aboriginality, SEIFA, private insurance | 1.06 (0.95 to 1.20) | 0.291 |
| Model 2+emergency presentation, Charlson index | 1.14 (1.02 to 1.28) | 0.027 |
| Model 3+individual comorbidities*, interactions | 1.14 (1.02 to 1.28) | 0.032 |
| Model 4+PCI/CABG | 1.13 (1.02 to 1.27) | 0.040 |
*Individual comorbidities adjusted in the models include hypertension, atrial fibrillation, rheumatic heart disease, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, renal failure, unstable angina, acute myocardial infarction, other ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
PCI/CABG, percutaneous coronary intervention/coronary artery bypass grafting; SEIFA, Socioeconomic Index for Areas.