Distribution of observational items among E-bike study populations
| Sample size | (n) | Wuzhong (urban district) | Zhangjiagang (rural district) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| With speed measure | Without speed measure | With speed measure | Without speed measure | ||
| 400 | 10 202 | 400 | 10 445 | ||
| Traffic mix | E-bikes (%) | 44.6 | 46.5 | 28.2 | 34.5 |
| Pedestrians (%) | 7.4 | 9.1 | 3.0 | 10.6 | |
| Bicycles (%) | 3.5 | 3.2 | 9.6 | 4.7 | |
| Cars (%) | 36.2 | 35.1 | 57.1 | 47.6 | |
| Heavy vehicles (%) | 8.3 | 6.2 | 2.2 | 2.7 | |
| E-bike volume per minute (basic as ≤10 E-bikes, low as 11–15 E-bikes, medium as16–20 E-bikes or high as >20 E-bikes) | Basic (%) | 25.0 | 40.9 | 50.0 | 40.2 |
| Low (%) | 12.5 | 17.0 | 37.5 | 59.8 | |
| Medium (%) | 37.5 | 10.4 | 12.5 | 0.0 | |
| High (%) | 25.0 | 31.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Weather | Sunny (%) | 75.0 | 82.8 | 100.0 | 69.8 |
| Cloudy (%) | 0.0 | 9.4 | 0.0 | 30.2 | |
| Rainy (%) | 25.0 | 7.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Day of week | Weekday (%) | 75.0 | 75.7 | 75.0 | 70.5 |
| Time of day | Morning (%) | 37.5 | 45.7 | 50.0 | 39.5 |
| Traffic controller | Yes (%) | NA | 0.0 | NA | 25.4 |
| Occupation | Courier (%) | 1.8 | 0.8 | 1.3 | 0.5 |
| Gender | Males (%) | 69.0 | 59.8 | 58.5 | 51.7 |
| Registration | Yes (%) | 94.0 | 96.3 | 35.3 | 36.3 |
| Pedals | Yes (%) | 28.0 | 37.1 | 53.3 | 54.3 |
| Carrying passengers | Yes (%) | 24.3 | 21.3 | 11.0 | 20.5 |
| Carrying large cargo | Yes (%) | 11.5 | 6.9 | 15.8 | 10.1 |
| Riding in a motor vehicle lane | Yes (%) | 13.5 | 3.1 | 2.3 | 1.4 |
| Riding opposite direction | Yes (%) | 3.0 | 5.7 | 25.0 | 30.8 |
| Mobile phone use | Yes (%) | 0.8 | 0.7 | 2.0 | 1.1 |
| Helmet use | Yes (%) | 3.3 | 2.1 | 5.0 | 2.2 |
| Gloves | Yes (%) | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1.8 | 0.8 |
| Running red lights | Yes (%) | NA | 16.5 | NA | 6.2 |
E-bike, electric bike.