Table 4

Regression of adjusted charges on hospital and market characteristics for uncomplicated caesarean sections

	Multiplicative increase for each unit change in predictor	95% CI lower bound	95% CI upper bound	p Value
Hospital-level characteristics
Ownership
Government	−0.146	−0.298	0.006	0.060
NFP	Reference
FP	0.172	0.032	0.312	0.016
Teaching status
Yes	0.062	−0.187	0.311	0.626
No	Reference
Location
Urban	Reference
Rural	0.088	−0.081	0.257	0.304
Casemix (severity)
Low	Reference
Medium	0.087	−0.052	0.225	0.218
High	0.123	−0.019	0.265	0.088
Capacity
Licensed beds	−0.0002	−0.0006	0.0002	0.363
Payer mix
Proportion Medicare	0.491	−0.004	0.986	0.052
Proportion Medicaid	0.112	−0.354	0.578	0.636
Quality indicators
Caesarean delivery rate	0.491	−1.659	2.642	0.653
Vaginal birth after caesarean rate (uncomplicated)	0.508	−0.315	1.332	0.225
Primary caesarean delivery rate	−1.192	−2.65	2.262	0.877
Market-level characteristics
Wage index
Low	Reference
Medium	0.258	0.067	0.449	0.008
High	0.378	0.26	0.497	<0.001
Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (system-wide)
Low	Reference
Medium	−0.079	−0.196	0.037	0.183
High	0.012	−0.116	0.14	0.855
% Without insurance	−0.0003	−0.02	0.019	0.025
% Below poverty line	−0.002	−0.019	0.015	0.813