Associations between cardiovascular groups and heart failure-related drugs
| Study groups by drug outcomes | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not prescribed n (%) | Prescribed n (%) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Age, gender and deprivation status* | Age, gender, deprivation status* and non-CVD multidrug counts | |
| Group A At least ACEi | |||||
| Reference | 1971 (66) | 1014 (34) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| HF | 62 (36.5) | 108 (63.5) | 3.39 (2.5 to 4.7) | 3.99 (2.9 to 5.6) | 3.89 (2.8 to 5.5) |
| ACEi and β- blocker combined | |||||
| Reference | 2536 (85.0) | 449 (15.0) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| HF | 131 (77.1) | 39 (22.9) | 1.68 (1.2 to 2.4) | 1.98 (1.4 to 2.9) | 1.99 (1.4 to 2.9) |
| Group B | |||||
| Reference | 2823 (94.6) | 162 (5.4) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| HF | 136 (80.0) | 34 (20.0) | 4.36 (2.9 to 6.6) | 5.06 (3.3 to 7.8) | 4.61 (3.0 to 7.1) |
| Group C | |||||
| Reference | 2830 (94.8) | 155 (5.2) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| HF | 123 (72.4) | 47 (27.6) | 6.98 (4.8 to 10.1) | 4.88 (3.3 to 7.2) | 4.75 (3.2 to 7.0)0 |
| Group D | |||||
| Reference | 1265 (42.4) | 1720 (57.6) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| HF | 8 (4.7) | 162 (95.3) | 14.89 (7.3 to 30.4 | 14.7 (7.2 to 30.2) | 14.4 (7.0 to 29.6) |
Both CVD groups are defined by patients who received a BNF Chapter 2 (CVD) drug prescription over a 2-year time period. Two mutually exclusive groups in the 2-year time period (1)reference group=CVD drug and CVD diagnostic categories (other than HF) in the record review (2) HF group=CVD drugs and HF diagnostic categories. Heart failure drug groups=groups of HF drugs which at least one drug was prescribed over a 2-year period; A (optimal therapy)=(a) at least ACEi and (b) ACEi and β-blocker combined, B=aldosterone antagonists, angiotensin II receptor antagonists or hydralazine/nitrate combination, C=digoxin, D=diuretics.
*(n=3154).
BNF, British National Formulary; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HF, heart failure.