Increase in risk of intimate partner violence (IPV) by membership in microfinance programmes compared with non-membership displayed with regard to interaction with the woman's educational level and spousal equity (N=4467)
| IPV risk increase associated with microfinance programme membership | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moderate physical violence | Severe physical violence | Sexual violence | Any violence | |||
| Spousal equity | Woman's education | N | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) |
| Health decisions | ||||||
| Woman | No schooling | 956 | 1.21 (0.93 to 1.56) | 1.07 (0.79 to 1.44) | 0.88 (0.58 to 1.32) | 1.21 (0.93 to 1.56) |
| Primary | 865 | 1.83 (1.39 to 2.40) | 1.65 (1.17 to 2.33) | 0.93 (0.61 to 1.40) | 1.83 (1.40 to 2.41) | |
| Secondary | 834 | 2.74 (2.03 to 3.69) | 2.06 (1.31 to 3.24) | 1.34 (0.83 to 2.14) | 2.67 (1.98 to 3.61) | |
| Higher | 255 | 3.20 (1.62 to 6.34) | 2.00 (0.65 to 6.12) | 4.55 (1.85 to 11.19) | 3.20 (1.62 to 6.34) | |
| Other | No schooling | 538 | 1.14 (0.81 to 1.61) | 1.42 (0.94 to 2.14) | 1.00 (0.60 to 1.65) | 1.13 (0.80 to 1.59) |
| Primary | 483 | 1.26 (0.88 to 1.81) | 1.25 (0.77 to 2.03) | 0.79 (0.45 to 1.39) | 1.25 (0.87 to 1.79) | |
| Secondary | 458 | 1.23 (0.81 to 1.86) | 1.41 (0.71 to 2.81) | 1.30 (0.63 to 2.70) | 1.22 (0.80 to 1.84) | |
| Higher | 72 | 1.47 (0.34 to 6.44) | 15.25 (1.24 to 187.85) | – | 1.47 (0.34 to 6.44) | |
| Daily purchase decisions | ||||||
| Women | No schooling | 1034 | 1.11 (0.86 to 1.42) | 1.04 (0.78 to 1.39) | 0.94 (0.62 to 1.41) | 1.10 (0.86 to 1.41) |
| Primary | 882 | 1.92 (1.46 to 2.51) | 1.79 (1.26 to 2.53) | 0.89 (0.57 to 1.37) | 1.90 (1.45 to 2.49) | |
| Secondary | 840 | 2.16 (1.61 to 2.89) | 2.06 (1.32 to 3.23) | 1.34 (0.83 to 2.14) | 2.10 (1.57 to 2.82) | |
| Higher | 249 | 2.90 (1.44 to 5.86) | 2.80 (0.76 to 10.32) | 4.55 (1.61 to 12.81) | 2.90 (1.44 to 5.86) | |
| Other | No schooling | 460 | 1.37 (0.94 to 2.00) | 1.57 (1.01 to 2.42) | 0.95 (0.57 to 1.58) | 1.37 (0.94 to 2.00) |
| Primary | 466 | 1.13 (0.78 to 1.64) | 1.07 (0.66 to 1.75) | 0.91 (0.54 to 1.53) | 1.14 (0.79 to 1.65) | |
| Secondary | 452 | 1.94 (1.26 to 2.98) | 1.28 (0.61 to 2.68) | 1.28 (0.61 to 2.68) | 1.91 (1.24 to 2.94) | |
| Higher | 78 | 2.28 (0.64 to 8.06) | 3.60 (0.74 to 17.48) | 2.49 (0.55 to 11.25) | 2.28 (0.64 to 8.06) | |
Spousal equity is estimated by household decision-making policies regarding health issues and daily household purchases. The risk increase is given as OR with corresponding 95% CIs.