Quality rating of studies by assessing internal and external validity with the PEDro scale
| Study | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PEDro criterion | Bisset | Coombes | Hay | Price | Smidt | Toker | Lindenhovius | Newcomer | M-Silvestrini | Peterson | Selvanetti | Kochar | Tonks | |
| 1 | Eligibility criteria were specified | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | Participants were randomly allocated to groups | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 3 | Allocation was concealed | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | The groups were similar at baseline regarding the most important prognostic indicators | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 5 | There was blinding of all participants | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 6 | There was blinding of all therapists who administered the therapy | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 7 | There was blinding of all assessors who measured at least one key outcome | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 8 | Measures of at least one key outcome were obtained from more than 85% of the participants initially allocated to groups | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 9 | All participants for whom outcome measures were available, received the treatment or control condition as allocated or, where this was not the case, data for at least one key outcome was analysed by ‘intention to treat’ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 10 | The results of between-group statistical comparisons are reported for at least one key outcome | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 11 | The study provides point measures as well as measures of variability for at least one key outcome | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Total PEDro score (Sum criteria 2–11, maximum score is 10) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 6 | 9 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 4 EXCLUDED | 4 EXCLUDED | |