Joint effect of general obesity and central obesity on type 2 diabetes among Chinese adults
| BMI | WC: lower | WC: higher | OR (95% CI) for hypertension | OR (95% CI) for type 2 diabetes | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of participants | Hypertension, N (%) | Diabetes, N (%) | Number of participants | Hypertension, N (%) | Diabetes, N (%) | WC: lower | WC: higher | WC: lower | WC: higher | |
| Men | ||||||||||
| <18.5 | 212 | 36 | 20 | 16 | 10 | 6 | 0.61 (0.42 to 0.89) | 3.68 (1.28 to 10.59) | 1.02 (0.62 to 1.67) | 3.77 (1.13 to 12.56) |
| 18.5–23.9 | 3034 | 767 | 296 | 679 | 249 | 111 | 1.00 | 1.56 (0.94 to 2.57) | 1.00 | 1.48 (1.15 to 1.90) |
| 24.0–27.9 | 1010 | 356 | 134 | 2530 | 1179 | 483 | 1.61 (1.13 to 2.32) | 2.38 (1.78 to 3.17) | 1.46 (1.16 to 1.83) | 1.85 (1.16 to 2.96) |
| ≥28.0 | 36 | 20 | 4 | 960 | 580 | 224 | 3.91 (1.95 to 7.82) | 4.67 (3.97 to 5.49) | 1.71 (0.55 to 5.37) | 2.60 (2.12 to 3.18) |
| p Value for interaction | 0.0711 | 0.0933 | ||||||||
| Women | ||||||||||
| <18.5 | 313 | 51 | 19 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 0.68 (0.49 to 0.94) | 0.85(0.16 to 4.51) | 0.93 (0.56 to 1.54) | 2.45 (0.22 to 26.72) |
| 18.5–23.9 | 4323 | 821 | 265 | 974 | 314 | 165 | 1.00 | 1.48 (1.26 to 1.75) | 1.00 | 2.36 (1.89 to 2.94) |
| 24.0–27.9 | 1330 | 384 | 93 | 2724 | 1102 | 437 | 1.84 (1.59 to 2.14) | 2.21 (1.97 to 2.49) | 1.19 (0.92 to 1.53) | 2.14 (1.81 to 2.54) |
| ≥28.0 | 81 | 32 | 9 | 1467 | 815 | 317 | 3.10 (1.93 to 5.00) | 4.33 (3.77 to 4.96) | 2.14 (1.01 to 4.52) | 3.08 (2.56 to 3.71) |
| p Value for interaction | 0.3524 | 0.4011 | ||||||||
| Total | ||||||||||
| <18.5 | 525 | 87 | 39 | 24 | 12 | 7 | 0.65 (0.51 to 0.83) | 2.25 (0.85 to 5.93) | 0.97 (0.68 to 1.39) | 3.45 (1.18 to 10.12) |
| 18.5–23.9 | 7357 | 1588 | 561 | 1653 | 563 | 276 | 1.00 | 1.52 (1.25 to 1.85) | 1.00 | 1.88 (1.42 to 2.49) |
| 24.0–27.9 | 2340 | 740 | 227 | 5254 | 2281 | 920 | 1.74 (1.50 to 2.03) | 2.31 (2.03 to 2.62) | 1.33 (1.12 to 1.58) | 1.99 (1.62 to 2.45) |
| ≥28.0 | 117 | 5 | 13 | 2427 | 1395 | 541 | 3.34 (2.26 to 4.94) | 4.46 (4.02 to 4.96) | 2.00 (1.07 to 3.74) | 2.85 (2.49 to 3.27) |
| p Value for interaction | 0.0562 | 0.0798 | ||||||||
p Values less than 0.05 (shown in italic typeface) were considered as a test of significance based on two sides.
Higher WC defined as ≥85 cm for men and ≥80 cm for women.
OR: adjusted for age (continuous variable), education (no formal education, primary school, middle school, high school, colleague or above and dummy variables), per capita income (<1000, 1000–2999, 3000–5000 and >5000 RMB yuan/month, dummy variables), resident site (urban/rural area), family history of type 2 diabetes (yes/no), smoking (ever/never), alcohol drinking (ever/never), regular exercise (never/ever) and phase of study (first/second survey).
BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference.