Characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes according to the five geographic regions of Brazil
| North | Northeast | Midwest | Southeast | South | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 312 | 1906 | 348 | 2642 | 542 | — |
| HbA1c (%) | 9.0±2.6 | 8.9±2.4 | 8.1±2.0 | 8.4±2.1 | 8.3±1.9 | <0.01* |
| Age (years) | 58±10 | 61±11 | 60±11 | 61±10 | 62±10 | <0.01†,‡ |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 10±8 | 10±8 | 11±8 | 11±9 | 11±9 | 0.029 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.0±5.5 | 27.2±5.0 | 27.7±5.2 | 28.2±5.3 | 29.1±5.3 | <0.01‡,§,¶ |
| Females | 193 (62) | 1317 (69) | 245 (70) | 1726 (65) | 315 (58) | <0.01** |
| White | 71 (23) | 560 (29) | 131 (38) | 1311 (50) | 465 (86) | <0.01** |
| Living with a partner | 199 (64) | 1099 (58) | 185 (53) | 1537 (58) | 355 (66) | <0.01†† |
| ≥8 years of formal education | 140 (45) | 521 (27) | 106 (30) | 1011 (38) | 122 (27) | <0.01‡‡ |
| Active worker | 112 (36) | 341 (18) | 65 (19) | 482 (18) | 136 (25) | <0.01§§ |
| Sedentary | 134 (43) | 670 (35) | 147 (43) | 1005 (38) | 168 (31) | <0.01¶¶ |
| Diabetes treatment | ||||||
| None | 2 (1) | 18 (1) | 7 (2) | 38 (1) | 6 (1) | <0.01** |
| Diet only | 14 (5) | 145 (8) | 31 (9) | 138 (5) | 15 (3) | |
| Oral agents | 172 (59) | 1172 (62) | 180 (52) | 1426 (54) | 345 (64) | |
| Oral agents and insulin | 67 (23) | 332 (17) | 64 (18) | 660 (25) | 125 (23) | |
| Insulin alone | 37 (12) | 239 (12) | 66 (19) | 380 (15) | 51 (9) |
Data are mean±SD or number of patients with the characteristic (%).
*North and Northeast versus Midwest, Southeast and South.
†North versus Northeast, Southeast and South.
‡Midwest and Southeast versus South.
§North versus Northeast and Center-West.
¶Northeast versus Southeast and South.
**Linear-by-linear association.
††Higher in North and South; lower in Midwest.
‡‡Higher in North; lower in Northeast and South.
§§Higher in North and South; lower in Northeast and Southeast.
¶¶Higher in North and Midwest; lower in Northeast and South.
BMI, body mass index.