Table 2

Characteristics of controls, patients with IPD and PSP in part taken from earlier publications12 14

Number	Group	Age (year)	Sex	Duration (year)	UPDRS maximum=108	BDI maximum=63	MMS maximum=30	MDRS maximum=144
1	C	57	M	–	–	2		144
2	C	60	F	–	–	9		142
3	C	50	M	–	–	0		141
4	C	64	F	–	–	0		142
5	C	58	M	–	–	1		138
6	C	73	M	–	–	6		134
7	C	49	F	–	–	0		143
8	C	45	M	–	–	1		144
9	C	53	M	–	–	1		142
10	C	73	F	–	–	11	30
11	C	72	F	–	–	0	30
Mean		59.5				2.6
S.D.		10.0				3.6
1	IPD	69	F	2	45	11		138
2	IPD	64	F	6	39	15		143
3	IPD	62	M	5	21	9		132
4	IPD	45	M	6	28	5		141
5	IPD	47	M	7	31	6		139
6	IPD	49	M	7	25	6		140
7	IPD	64	M	9	47	11		135
8	IPD	63	M	8	16	11		141
9	IPD	61	M	5	33	8		143
10	IPD	50	M	3	44	11		143
Mean		57.4		5.8	32.9	9.3		139.5
S.D.		8.7		2.1	10.7	3.1		3.7
1	PSP	54	M	2	22	6	30	127
2	PSP	69	M	9	34	0	28	110
3	PSP	65	F	2	44	13	28	107
4	PSP	57	F	3	30	35	30	135
5	PSP	66	M	2	30	13	28	135
6	PSP	59	M	6	50	4	22	100
7	PSP	68	F	4	43	50	18	116
8	PSP	63	M	5	54	*	23	112
Mean		62.6		4.1	38.4	17.3	25.9	117.8
S.D.		5.4		2.5	11.1	18.4	4.4	13.1

Dementia had been ruled out using the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (MDRS),47 ,48 where higher scores out of a maximum of 144 indicate better performance, with a cut-off ≤123 considered as cognitive impairment.49 Depression had been assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), where higher scores out of a maximum of 63 points indicate a more severe depressed state, and a score of 15 is regarded as cut off for a self-report of mild depression.12 ,50 *Not investigated. The MDRS was not available at the German study sites.
IPD, idiopathic Parkinson's disease; MMS, Mini-Mental State; PSP, progressive supranuclear palsy; UPDRS, Unified Parkinson's disease rating scale.