Changes between baseline and the last observation
| Control group (n=5) | Intervention group (n=10) | Z-test statistic | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VAS | 11 (−4–40) | 30.5 (2–77) | −1.839 | 0.070 |
| ODI | 12 (4–18) | 6 (−2–30) | −1.070 | 0.311 |
| HAD anxiety | 1 (−6–3) | 0.5 (−3–5) | −0.523 | 0.653 |
| HAD depression | 0 (−1–3) | 0 (−3–6) | −0.074 | 0.959 |
Median (minimum–maximum); variables were analysed using the Mann-Whitney U test (Exact sig. (2-tailed)).
HAD, Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale; ODI, Oswestry Disability Index; VAS, visual analogue scale.