Table 2

Factors associated with HIV testing among injecting drug users in Lashio, Myanmar (n=158)

	n	Per cent	OR	95% CI	AOR	95% CI
Age
≤29	68	43.0
>29	90	57.0	2.57	1.17 to 5.66*	2.06	0.63 to 6.76
Marital status
Single	75	47.4
Married	66	41.8	0.61	0.28 to 1.35	0.24	0.06 to 0.94*
Divorced/widower	17	10.8	0.55	0.17 to 1.82	0.26	0.04 to 1.94
Education
Primary/no formal education	61	29.0
Secondary education	67	31.9	1.57	0.64 to 3.86	2.59	0.63 to 10.60
High school or above	82	39.1	1.11	0.45 to 2.71	1.82	0.29 to 4.86
Ethnicity
Burma	35	22.2
Shan	46	29.0	0.93	0.27 to 3.22	2.15	0.32 to 14.57
Kachin	35	22.2	0.22	0.07 to 0.71*	0.58	0.11 to 2.94
Others	42	26.6	0.53	0.16 to 1.74	0.83	0.16 to 4.27
Employment status
Non-regular job	32	20.3
Regular job	126	79.7	2.91	1.26 to 6.70*	4.50	1.08 to 23.17*
Living status (inter-regional migration)
Migrant	20	12.7
Resident	138	87.3	0.80	0.25 to 2.55	0.81	0.14 to 4.81
Most used drug type in the last 3 months
Heroin	156	98.7	S/S		S/S
Stimulant and others	2	1.3
Had a history of poly drug use in the last 3 months
Never	83	52.5
Ever	75	47.5	0.40	0.18 to 0.85*	0.44	0.14 to 1.43
Had a history of unsafe injection practice in the last 3 months†
No	107	52.5
Yes	51	47.5	1.72	0.76 to 3.86	1.01	0.27 to 3.84
Frequency of injections per day
≤2	86	54.4
>2	72	45.6	0.41	0.19 to 0.88*	0.30	0.09 to 0.97*
Had a history of FSW visit in the last 3 months
Never	73	46.2
Ever	85	53.8	0.74	0.35 to 1.56	1.34	0.25 to 7.12
Sexual orientation
Heterosexual	135	85.4
Bisexual/homosexual	23	14.6	0.21	0.08 to 0.53**	0.61	0.13 to 2.84
Had more than one partner in the last 3 months
No	73	46.2
Yes	85	53.8	0.40	0.18 to 0.89*	0.20	0.04 to 1.11
Ever received drug treatment
No	31	19.6
Yes	127	80.4	14.57	5.82 to 36.47**	13.07	3.38 to 50.53***
Ever registered as a drug user
No	78	49.4
Yes	80	50.6	5.33	2.25 to 12.62**	2.21	0.57 to 8.63
Ever been in prison or jail
No	106	67.1
Yes	52	32.9	0.56	0.26 to 1.19	0.44	0.10 to 1.84
Perceived HIV risk
No	90	57.0
Yes	68	43.9	3.57	1.51 to 8.43**	5.70	1.40 to 23.25*

*p<0.05.
**p<0.01.
***p<0.001.
†Had either receptive or distributive needle/syringe sharing.
AOR, adjusted OR; FSW, female sex worker; S/S, small sample size.