Estimated impact of FSW interventions (spending or coverage) on annual risk of HIV or syphilis infection among pregnant women attending public prenatal clinics aged 15–24 years in four high-burden states from 2004 to 2008
| Annual risk (%) of HIV and syphilis infection*,† | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| HIV | Syphilis | ||
| Effect of a one-unit increase per 1000 total population‡ | n=327796 | n=257474 | |
| Average§ | −9.08 (−11.73 to −6.34) | −22.29 (−27.53 to −16.68) | |
| Spending | 0.0 (−0.001 to 0.002) | −0.009 (−0.014 to −0.004)¶ | |
| STIs treated | −1.7 (−3.3 to −0.1)¶ | −10.9 (−15.9 to −5.8)¶ | |
| FSWs reached | 0.1 (−0.8 to 1.1) | −3.0 (−5.2 to −0.7)¶ | |
| Condoms distributed | −0.004 (−0.012 to 0.003) | −0.034 (−0.053 to −0.015)¶ | |
*Annual risk of infection is the OR for a one-unit increase in a ‘year’ expressed as percentage=−(1−OR)×100%.
†Results are for the four high-burden states combined. Syphilis results were only available for 2007. n=number of pregnant women testing from 2004 to 2007/2008.
‡Effect of spending or coverage is expressed as change (%) in annual risk for a one-unit increase. All intervention effects are shown as a 1-year lag.
§Average annual decline in the risk of HIV or syphilis infection from 2003 to 2007/2008.
¶Effect of intervention with p<0.05.
FSW, female sex worker; STIs, sexually transmitted infections.