Logistic regression analyses for socio-demographics, mental disorders, substance use-related and service utilisation-related outcomes based on early-learning problems or disability (n=497)
| Outcome variable | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI)† |
|---|---|---|
| Age of first homelessness (<25 years)‡ | 1.96 (1.30 to 2.95)* | 1.52 (0.95 to 2.44) |
| Lifetime duration of homelessness (>3 years)§ | 2.11 (1.40 to 3.18)* | 1.90 (1.19 to 3.06)** |
| Education level (grade 8 or less) | 2.38 (1.43 to 3.95) | 2.20 (1.28 to 3.81) |
| Type of mental disorder | ||
| Major depressive episode | 1.64 (1.10 to 2.45)** | 1.64 (1.07 to 2.52)** |
| Manic or hypomanic episode | 1.55 (0.96 to 2.49) | 1.51 (0.91 to 2.51) |
| Panic disorder | 2.02 (1.28 to 3.19)** | 1.86 (1.15 to 3.02)** |
| Alcohol dependence | 1.67 (1.07 to 2.59)** | 1.69 (1.06 to 2.69)** |
| Two or more mental disorders | 2.10 (1.40 to 3.15)* | 2.06 (1.33 to 3.19)* |
| High suicidality | 1.89 (1.16 to 3.09)** | 1.93 (1.15 to 3.24)** |
| Less severe cluster of mental disorders | 2.10 (1.38 to 3.16)* | 1.95 (1.25 to 3.04)** |
| Physical health | ||
| Blood-borne infectious diseases | 1.76 (1.16 to 2.66)** | 1.75 (1.11 to 2.74)** |
| Migraine | 2.57 (1.70 to 3.90)* | 2.50 (1.62 to 3.88)* |
| Seizures | 2.11 (1.23 to 3.61)** | 2.23 (1.25 to 4.00)** |
| Multiple physical illness | 1.71 (0.98 to 2.99) | 2.16 (1.16 to 4.02)** |
| Overall health (fair/poor) | 1.57 (1.06 to 2.35)** | 1.90 (1.24 to 2.92)** |
| History of head injury | 2.33 (1.51 to 3.59)** | 2.23 (1.42 to 3.50)** |
| Substance use | ||
| IV drug use | 2.07 (1.28 to 3.36)** | 2.01 (1.19 to 3.39)** |
| Daily drug use (no alcohol) | 2.07 (1.34 to 3.19)* | 1.77 (1.12 to 2.80)** |
| Daily drug use (no alcohol, no marijuana) | 1.98 (1.18 to 3.31)** | 1.79 (1.03 to 3.11)** |
| Daily substance use (including alcohol) | 1.93 (1.26 to 2.94)** | 1.70 (1.09 to 2.65)** |
| Poly-substance use (no alcohol) | 1.50 (1.00 to 2.24) | 1.27 (0.82 to 1.97) |
| Age first drunk (<14 years) | 1.75 (1.16 to 2.65)** | 1.37 (0.88 to 2.14) |
| Age of first drug use (<14 years | 1.98 (1.30 to 3.02)* | 1.60 (1.02 to 2.50)** |
| 2.53 (1.46 to 4.36)* | 2.31 (1.30 to 4.11)** | |
| Service use | ||
| Talked with a health/social service provider | 1.99 (1.30 to 3.11)** | 2.00 (1.25 to 3.21)** |
| Multiple ER visits (three or more)§ | 1.12 (0.74 to 1.68) | 1.04 (0.67 to 1.60) |
| Multiple arrests (two or more)§ | 1.70 (1.01 to 2.87)** | 1.65 (0.95 to 2.86) |
| Justice program | 1.76 (0.94 to 3.92) | 1.34 (0.59 to 3.08) |
*p≤0.001.
**p≤0.05.
†Each multivariable model was controlled for (continuous), age of first homelessness (continuous), gender, ethnicity (Aboriginal, Caucasian, other), marital status (Single, other) and language spoken in the childhood home (English, other).
‡This multivariable model was controlled for age (continuous), gender, ethnicity (Aboriginal, Caucasian, other), marital status (Single, other) and language spoken in the childhood home (English, other).
§Dichotomised based on median value.
ER, emergency room.