Table 5

OR for the progression of the Kellgren-Lawrence grade for either knee during the 3-year follow-up period versus mild cognitive impairment (MCI)

MMSE summary score				Univariate analysis		Logistic regression model 1			Logistic regression model 2
Explanatory variables	Reference		OR	95% CI	p Value	OR	95% CI	p Value	OR	95% CI	p Value
MMSE summary score	+1 score		0.84	0.79 to 0.90 <0.001***		0.95	0.88 to 1.02	0.131	0.96	0.89 to 1.03	0.232
Other potential risk actors
Age (year)	+1 year					1.06	1.05 to 1.08	<0.001***	1.06	1.04 to 1.07	<0.001***
Gender	0:	men, 1: women				1.89	1.40 to 2.55	<0.001***	1.29	0.798 to 2.11	0.308
Region	0: 1:	mountainous area, coastal area				0.75	0.57 to 1.00	0.048*	0.69	0.52 to 0.92	0.011*
BMI (kg/m²)	+	1 kg/m²				1.12	1.07 to 1.17	<0.001***	1.13	1.08 to 1.18	<0.001***
Grip strength (worse side) (kg)	+1 kg								0.99	0.97 to 1.02	0.572
Smoking	0: 1:	exsmoker or never smoker, current smoker							0.99	0.59 to 1.64	0.964
Alcohol consumption	0: 1	exdrinker or never drinker, current drinker							0.84	0.61 to 1.15	0.274
Regular exercise after graduation from school	0:	no, 1: yes							0.55	0.33 to 0.91	0.021*
History of knee injuries	0:	no, 1: yes							2.27	0.99 to 5.22	0.053
MCI				Univariate analysis		Logistic regression model 1			Logistic regression model 2
Explanatory variables
MCI	0: absence, 1: presence		2.54	1.25 to 5.16	0.010*	1.56	0.74 to 3.30	0.242	1.38	0.63 to 3.03	0.416
Other potential risk actors
Age (year)	+1 year					1.07	1.05 to 1.08	<0.001***	1.06	1.04 to 1.08	<0.001***
Gender	0:	men, 1: women				1.89	1.40 to 2.54	<0.001***	1.26	0.77 to 2.05	0.353
Region	0: 1:	mountainous area, coastal area				0.75	0.56 to 0.99	0.041*	0.68	0.51 to 0.91	0.010*
BMI (kg/m²)	+	1 kg/m²				1.13	1.08 to 1.17	<0.001***	1.13	1.08 to 1.18	<0.001***
Grip strength (worse side) (kg)	+1 kg								0.99	0.97 to 1.02	0.484
Smoking	0: exsmoker or never smoker, 1: current smoker								0.99	0.60 to 1.65	0.974
Alcohol consumption	0: exdrinker or never drinker, 1: current drinker								0.83	0.61 to 1.15	0.264
Regular exercise after graduation from school	0:	no, 1: yes							0.55	0.33 to 0.91	0.021*
History of knee injuries	0:	no, 1: yes							2.27	0.99 to 5.21	0.053

*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001
BMI, body mass index; ; MMSE, mini mental state examination; n, number of subjects.