Sociodemographic characteristics of the participants
| Variables | CS (n=58) | CMC (n=60) | TD (n=50) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 40.50±0.13 | 39.88±1.08 | 37.92±1.33 | 0.295 |
| Height (m) | 1.60±0.010 | 1.65±0.009 | 1.60±0.009 | <0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 57.98±1.05 | 60.58±0.92 | 62.30±1.64 | 0.043 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.70±0.34 | 22.54±0.40 | 24.31±0.64 | 0.014 |
| Duration on job (years) | 6.09±0.32 | 6.08±0.31 | 5.64±0.50 | 0.637 |
| Educational level | ||||
| Primary | 15 (25.9) | 31 (51.7) | 19 (38.0) | <0.001 |
| Secondary | 16 (27.6) | 23 (38.3) | 22 (44.0) | |
| Tertiary | 27 (46.5) | 6 (10.0) | 9 (18.0) | |
| Smoking habits | ||||
| Current smokers | 5 (8.6) | 15 (25.0) | 10 (20.0) | 0.084 |
| Ex-smokers | 19 (32.8) | 17 (28.3) | 9 (18.0) | |
| Non-smokers | 34 (58.6) | 28 (46.7) | 31 (62.0) | |
| Alcohol intake | ||||
| Drinkers | 35 (60.3) | 36 (60.0) | 32 (64.0) | 0.896 |
| Non-drinkers | 23 (39.7) | 24 (40.0) | 18 (36.0) | |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Ibibio | 40 (69.0) | 34 (56.7) | 23 (46.0) | 0.054 |
| Non-Ibibio | 18 (31.0) | 26 (43.3) | 27 (54.0) | |
| Area of residence | ||||
| Rural | 8 (13.8) | 39 (65.0) | 17 (34.0) | <0.001 |
| Urban | 50 (86.2) | 21 (35.0) | 33 (66.0) | |
| Family history of respiratory disorder | ||||
| Yes | 3 (5.2) | 7 (11.7) | 9 (18.0) | 0.110 |
| No | 55 (94.8) | 53 (88.3) | 41 (82.0) | |
| Exposure to biomass | ||||
| Exposed | 7 (12.1) | 24 (40.0) | 19 (38.0) | <0.001 |
| Not-exposed | 51 (87.9) | 36 (60.0) | 31 (62.0) | |
| Physical activity | ||||
| Active | 7 (12.1) | 29 (48.3) | 18 (36.0) | <0.001 |
| Inactive | 51 (87.9) | 31 (51.7) | 32 (64.0) | |
| Dietary habits | ||||
| Good | 31 (53.4) | 21 (35.0) | 24 (48.0) | 0.118 |
| Poor | 27 (46.6) | 39 (65.0) | 26 (52.0) | |
| Transit time per day (h) | ||||
| <1 | 41 (70.7) | 2 (3.3) | 4 (8.0) | <0.001 |
| 1–5 | 12 (20.7) | 17 (28.3) | 12 (24.0) | |
| >5 | 5 (8.6) | 41 (68.4) | 34 (68.0) | |
| Number of trips per day | ||||
| 1–2 | 25 (43.1) | 3 (5.0) | 2 (4.0) | <0.001 |
| 3–10 | 33 (56.9) | 7 (11.7) | 9 (18.0) | |
| >10 | 0 (0) | 50 (83.3) | 39 (78.0) |
Bold values are significant at (p < 0.05).
Values in parentheses are percentages.
CMC, commercial Motorcycle; CS, civil servants; TD, taxi drivers.