Mean scores and SE of work-related characteristics, health and work–family interference (number of items per scale; range), corrected for sex, employment category, hours worked weekly and presence of chronic disease
| <36 years (n=577) | 36–45 years (n=475) | 46–55 years (n=475) | 55+ years (n=211) | F | p Value | |
| Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | |||
| Job demands* | ||||||
| Unpleasant treatment (6; 1–4) | 1.08 (0.01) | 1.06 (0.01) | 1.06 (0.01) | 1.08 (0.02) | 0.45 | 0.714 |
| Role conflict (5; 1–4) | 1.68 (0.03) | 1.70 (0.02) | 1.70 (0.02) | 1.58 (0.04) | 2.60 | 0.051 |
| Work pressure (8; 1–5) | 2.85 (0.04) | 3.18 (0.04) | 3.16 (0.04) | 3.13 (0.06) | 13.11 | <0.001 |
| Role ambiguity (5; 1–4) | 2.11 (0.04) | 2.06 (0.03) | 1.96 (0.03) | 1.90 (0.05) | 5.38 | 0.001 |
| Physical workload (3; 1–4) | 1.71 (0.03) | 1.58 (0.03) | 1.60 (0.03) | 1.55 (0.05) | 3.57 | 0.014 |
| Job resources† | ||||||
| Job security and pay (2; 1–5) | 2.90 (0.06) | 3.20 (0.05) | 3.38 (0.05) | 3.71 (0.09) | 23.70 | <0.001 |
| Decision authority on working hours (3; 1–5) | 3.60 (0.05) | 3.57 (0.05) | 3.59 (0.05) | 3.76 (0.08) | 1.46 | 0.224 |
| Work variety (3; 1–5) | 3.09 (0.04) | 3.23 (0.04) | 3.22 (0.04) | 3.29 (0.06) | 3.36 | 0.018 |
| Information on work (3; 1–4) | 3.00 (0.04) | 2.86 (0.04) | 2.99 (0.04) | 3.01 (0.06) | 3.11 | 0.026 |
| Career opportunities (3; 1–4) | 2.64 (0.06) | 2.68 (0.05) | 2.52 (0.05) | 2.47 (0.08) | 2.63 | 0.049 |
| Communication (4; 1–4) | 2.56 (0.04) | 2.64 (0.04) | 2.70 (0.04) | 2.78 (0.06) | 3.78 | 0.010 |
| Professional expertise (2; 1–5) | 3.85 (0.05) | 4.03 (0.04) | 4.11 (0.04) | 4.15 (0.07) | 6.69 | <0.001 |
| Opportunities for learning (4; 1–4) | 2.85 (0.04) | 2.78 (0.04) | 2.77 (0.04) | 2.83 (0.06) | 1.12 | 0.341 |
| Decision latitude (9; 1–4) | 2.47 (0.04) | 2.61 (0.03) | 2.68 (0.03) | 2.81 (0.05) | 11.06 | 0.000 |
| Autonomy (1; 1–5) | 3.40 (0.04) | 3.46 (0.04) | 3.46 (0.04) | 3.57 (0.06) | 1.71 | 0.162 |
| Social support superiors (4; 1–4) | 3.18 (0.05) | 3.05 (0.04) | 3.10 (0.04) | 3.19 (0.07) | 1.76 | 0.152 |
| Social support colleagues (4; 1–4) | 3.14 (0.04) | 3.12 (0.03) | 3.11 (0.03) | 3.21 (0.06) | 0.90 | 0.440 |
| Job involvement (1; 1–5) | 3.84 (0.05) | 4.12 (0.05) | 4.27 (0.05) | 4.40 (0.07) | 18.82 | <0.001 |
| Challenging work (1; 1–5) | 3.43 (0.06) | 3.61 (0.05) | 3.60 (0.05) | 3.67 (0.08) | 2.87 | 0.035 |
| Job satisfaction (1; 1–5) | 3.69 (0.06) | 3.80 (0.05) | 3.77 (0.05) | 4.07 (0.09) | 4.57 | 0.003 |
| Health-related characteristics* | ||||||
| Fatigue (4; 4–28) | 13.36 (0.40) | 13.26 (0.37) | 13.18 (0.37) | 11.85 (0.60) | 1.68 | 0.170 |
| Emotional exhaustion (4; 1–5) | 2.50 (0.06) | 2.54 (0.05) | 2.54 (0.05) | 2.45 (0.09) | 0.34 | 0.798 |
| Health complaints (13; 0–13) | 3.09 (0.15) | 3.02 (0.14) | 3.29 (0.14) | 2.95 (0.23) | 0.84 | 0.472 |
| Work-family interference* | ||||||
| W→FItime (3; 1–5) | 2.49 (0.06) | 2.69 (0.05) | 2.57 (0.05) | 2.61 (0.08) | 2.35 | 0.071 |
| F→WItime (3; 1–5) | 1.72 (0.05) | 2.07 (0.05) | 1.82 (0.05) | 1.64 (0.08) | 11.84 | <0.001 |
| W→FIstrain (3; 1–5) | 2.37 (0.06) | 2.45 (0.05) | 2.42 (0.05) | 2.26 (0.09) | 1.31 | 0.271 |
| F→WIstrain (3; 1–5) | 1.64 (0.05) | 1.73 (0.04) | 1.66 (0.04) | 1.55 (0.07) | 1.95 | 0.120 |
| W→FIbehaviour (3; 1–5) | 2.32 (0.06) | 2.51 (0.06) | 2.52 (0.05) | 2.43 (0.09) | 2.46 | 0.061 |
| F→WIbehaviour (3; 1–5) | 2.37 (0.06) | 2.57 (0.06) | 2.58 (0.06) | 2.48 (0.09) | 2.48 | 0.059 |