Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population (N=3163)
| Age* (years) | 69.3 (56.9, 79.3) |
| Gender (male) | 54.3% |
| Service type | |
| MICU | 33.2% |
| SICU | 22.0% |
| CCU | 15.8% |
| CSRU | 29.0% |
| SAPS I* | 15 (11, 19) |
| HE duration* (min) | 120 (45, 120) |
| Hypotension treatment | |
| No intervention | 62.9% |
| Fluids only | 13.5% |
| Vasoactive agents only | 17.3% |
| Both fluids and vasoactive agents | 6.3% |
| Inhospital mortality | 12.9% |
| ICU LOS* (days) | 2.7 (1.6, 4.9) |
| Elixhauser comorbidities | |
| Congestive heart failure | 20.9% |
| Cardiac arrhythmias | 21.0% |
| Valvular disease | 8.6% |
| Pulmonary circulation disorders | 2.4% |
| Peripheral vascular disorders | 9.5% |
| Hypertension | 30.9% |
| Paralysis | 1.1% |
| Other neurological disorders | 3.3% |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 16.4% |
| Diabetes, uncomplicated | 21.2% |
| Diabetes, complicated | 4.8% |
| Hypothyroidism | 8.7% |
| Renal failure | 5.1% |
| Liver disease | 4.6% |
| Peptic ulcer disease excluding bleeding | 0.5% |
| AIDS | 0.6% |
| Lymphoma | 1.5% |
| Metastatic cancer | 4.4% |
| Solid tumour without metastasis | 10.8% |
| Rheumatoid arthritis/collagen vascular disease | 2.2% |
| Coagulopathy | 6.1% |
| Obesity | 1.6% |
| Weight loss | 2.7% |
| Fluid and electrolyte disorders | 24.3% |
| Blood loss anaemia | 0% |
| Deficiency anaemias | 11.9% |
| Alcohol abuse | 3.7% |
| Drug abuse | 1.8% |
| Psychoses | 2.3% |
| Depression | 4.1% |
↵* Median (Q1, Q3).
CCU, coronary care unit; CSRU, cardiac surgery recovery unit; HE, hypotensive episode; LOS, length of stay; MICU, medical intensive care unit; SAPS, Simplified Acute Physiology Score; SICU, surgical intensive care unit.