Criteria for inclusion and exclusion of studies in the review
| Criteria | |
| Inclusion criteria | |
| Study design | RCT |
| Population | |
| Age | 16 years or older |
| Subjects | Human; outpatients |
| Condition | Post-whiplash injury |
| Experiencing whiplash associated disorder II | |
| Intervention | Conservative physiotherapy outpatient management |
| Comparison group(s) | At least one comparison group: placebo/other intervention/no intervention |
| Outcome | Measurement of at least one of the following outcomes: disability; functional status; physical impairment; impact on social and occupational levels of fitness; pain; quality of life; patient satisfaction |
| Measurement of short term outcome (approx 3 months post-surgery) and/or long term outcomes (≥1 year post-surgery) | |
| Time frame | All studies conducted from 1979 onwards |
| Exclusion criteria | |
| Study design | Initial search: studies stated as RCTs but do not have a comparison group or random allocation to groups |
| Participant characteristics | Multiple pathology |
| Whiplash associated disorder not classified according to severity to provide clarity of whiplash associated disorder II population | |
| Intervention | None |
| Outcome | None |
| Language | Full article not written in English |
RCT, randomised controlled trial.