Multivariate model: HRs (95% CI) for 5-year mortality
| HR (95% CI) | |
| All individuals | |
| Physical function ≥1.0 (vs <1.0) | 2.6 (1.3 to 5.1) |
| Pain >40 (vs ≤40) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.5) |
| Exercise <1 time/week (vs at least once/week) | 3.2 (1.7 to 6.1) |
| Current smoking (vs not smoking) | 4.9 (2.2 to 11) |
| Subjects less than 55 years old | |
| Physical function ≥1.0 (vs <1.0) | 0 |
| Pain >40 (vs ≤40) | 4.8 (1.1 to 20) |
| Exercise <1 time/week (vs at least onceat least once/week) | 4.9 (1.8 to 13) |
| Current smoking (vs not smoking) | 7.4 (2.1 to 25) |
| Subjects age 55 and older | |
| Physical function ≥1.0 (vs <1.0) | 2.2 (1.1 to 4.7) |
| Pain >40 (vs ≤40) | 1.1 (0.6 to 2.0) |
| Exercise <1 time/week (vs at least once/week) | 3.1 (1.5 to 6.6) |
| Current smoking (vs not smoking) | 3.9 (1.2 to 12) |